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	SECTION 02780
	INTERLOCKING PAVING STONES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Basalite Interlocking Paving Stones; interlocking paving stones. This Section is based on the products of Basalite Interlocking Paving Stones, which is located at: 11888 West Linne Road Tracy, CA 95376-8102 Tel: (209)833-3970 Fax: (209)833-6039 Web Site: Click Here E-mail: Click Here to send an E-mail to Basalite Concrete Products LLC. [ Click Here ] for additional information. Basalite, acquired by Pacific Coast Building Products in 1979, has become one of the largest suppliers of concrete masonry products in the Western United States. Product lines include interlocking paving stones, structural block, wall systems, retaining walls, ornamental and garden products, and a full range of sack goods. Basalite has Concrete Products manufacturing facilities in six Western United States including, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. In addition, there are three manufacturing locations in British Columbia, Canada. Basalite presents a complete offering of custom colors, shapes, and sizes in most product lines and often works with architects to create effects that showcase the building's design. The full line and custom options are available to builders and developers. Interlocking Paving Stones: Basalite manufactures a full line of interlocking paving stones. The appeal of interlocking paving stones has many homeowners, developers, and municipalities turning to pavers for their durability and appeal. To meet the demand, in 1997, the company opened one of the country's largest and most advanced manufacturing facilities in Tracy, California. The plant's sophisticated paver and block machine insures the truest measurements and color consistency.
	PART 1	GENERAL
	1.1	SECTION INCLUDES
		A.	Interlocking concrete paver units.
	1.2	RELATED SECTIONS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete Sections below not relevant to this project; add others as required.
		A.	Section 02300 - Earthwork, for excavation and preparation of existing subgrade.
		B.	Section 02335 - Subgrade and Roadbed, for preparation and installation of specified subbase materials.
		C.	Section 02600 - Drainage and Containment, for installation of concrete curbs, concrete bands and drain inlets.
	1.3	REFERENCES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete references from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited Section.
		A.	ASTM International (ASTM):
			1.	ASTM C 33 - Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates.
			2.	ASTM C 67 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
			3.	ASTM C 136 - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates.
			4.	ASTM C 140 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
			5.	ASTM C144 - Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar.
			6.	ASTM C 936 - Standard Specification for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units.
			7.	ASTM C 979 - Standard Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete.
		B.	Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI): Tech Spec 2, Construction of Interlocking Concrete Pavements.
	1.4	SUBMITTALS
		A.	Submit under provisions of Section 01300.
		B.	Product Data: Manufacturer's product data and installation instructions for specified materials and products.
		C.	Drawings and Details: Indicate perimeter conditions, relationship to adjoining materials and assemblies, expansion and control joints, concrete paver layout, patterns, color arrangement, installation, and setting details.
		D.	Sieve Analyses: For grading of bedding and joint sand, in accordance with ASTM C 136.
		E.	Compliance: Certifications that each type of product and material complies with specified requirements.
			1.	Test results from an independent testing laboratory for compliance of paving unit requirements to ASTM C 936.
			2.	Manufacturer's certification of concrete pavers by ICPI as having met applicable ASTM standards.
		F.	Color Selection: For initial selection submit:
			1.	Paver samples showing full extent of colors and textures available for each type of exposed unit masonry required.
			2.	Exposed edge restraints involving color selection.
		G.	Samples: For verification purposes submit:
			1.	Minimum of four (4) representative full-size samples of each paver type, thickness, color, finish that indicate the range of color variation and texture expected in the finished work. Accepted samples become the standard of acceptance for the work.
			2.	Exposed edge restraints.
		H.	Paver Installation Subcontractor:
			1.	A copy of Subcontractor's current certificate from the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute Concrete Paver Installer Certification Program.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Edit the following Article as required for the Project.
	1.5	QUALITY ASSURANCE
		A.	Manufacturer's Qualifications: The production of interlocking concrete paving stone shall be by a manufacturer that is a member of the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI) and SF Concrete Technology, Inc. Manufacturer shall have a minimum of five years experience in the fabrication of concrete paving stones.
		B.	Installer's Qualifications: Installation of interlocking paving stones shall be by a prequalified specialty contractor certified by Basalite and/or ICPI. The licensed specialty contractor shall possess a minimum of 3 years experience in the interlocking paving stone industry and must have satisfactorily completed projects of similar size and scope.
		C.	Mock-Ups:
			1.	Before installation of paving work, install mock-ups:
				a.	To further verify selections made for color and texture characteristics under sample submittals of pavers.
				b.	To determine surcharge of the bedding sand layer, joint sizes, lines, and laying patterns.
				c.	To represent completed paving work for qualities of appearance, materials, construction and workmanship.
			2.	Erect mock-ups approximately 7 feet (2 meters) long by 7 feet (2 meters) wide including accessories.
			3.	Mock-up will establish the standard by which the work will be judged.
			4.	Subject to acceptance, mock-up may be retained as part of finished work.
			5.	When directed by Architect, remove and properly dispose of mock-up.
	1.6	DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
		A.	Deliver masonry materials to Project in undamaged condition.
			1.	Paving stones shall be delivered and unloaded at the project site on pallets secured by using a combination of strapping and stretch wrap in such a manner that no damage occurs to the product during shipping, off-loading, or handling at the project site. Top surface layer of paving stones to be protected by minimum 3 mil plastic sheeting.
		B.	Store and handle materials to prevent their deterioration or damage due to moisture, freezing, contaminants, corrosion or other causes.
		C.	Bedding and joint sand shall be delivered to the job site and stored in such a manner as to deter contamination and saturation of rain water.
		D.	Store paving accessories, including metal items, to prevent deterioration by corrosion and accumulation of dirt.
	1.7	PROJECT CONDITIONS
		A.	Environmental Requirements:
			1.	Do not install sand or pavers during heavy rain or snowfall.
			2.	Do not install sand and pavers over frozen base materials.
			3.	Do not install frozen sand or saturated sand.
			4.	Do not install concrete pavers on frozen or saturated sand.
	1.8	MAINTENANCE
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Insert square footage or percentage of extra materials required. Delete this Article if extra materials are not required.
		A.	Extra Materials: Provide additional material for use by Owner for maintenance and repair.
			1.	Percentage: __________.
			2.	Square Feet (Meters): __________.
	PART 2	PRODUCTS
	2.1	MANUFACTURERS
		A.	Interlocking Paving Stones shall be in accordance with the drawings, patterns, and details as shown on the plans and/or contained within these specifications. All paving stones shall be produced by a single source manufacturer in accordance with ICPI standards and guidelines.
		B.	Acceptable Manufacturer: Basalite Concrete Products, LLC; Corporate Offices, which is located at: 605 Industrial Way ; Dixon, CA 95620-9779; Tel: 707-678-1901; Fax: 707-678-6268; Email: request info; Web: www.basalite.com
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs; coordinate with requirements of Division 1 Section on product options and substitutions.
		C.	Substitutions: Not permitted.
		D.	Requests for substitutions will be considered in accordance with provisions of Section 01600.
	2.2	Paving Stone substitute samples, not manufactured by the specified source supplier, must be approved in writing by the Project Architect, and/or the Owner at least five (5) working days prior to project bid or the paving stones substitutions will not be accepted. NO EXCEPTIONS.
		A.	Obtain products from a single manufacturer.
	2.3	MANUFACTURING AND EFFLORESCENCE CONTROL
		A.	Method of manufacturing paving stones to be single-layer production to insure dimensional uniformity, optimum color blending, and product strength and durability. Colors are to be integral throughout unit paver or face-mixed concurrent to project conditions. Multi-layer paver machines and/or block production machines are not acceptable and shall be cause for rejection.
		B.	Efflorescence must be minimized with the utilization of a water purification system. The water purification system shall have a minimum water capacity of 160 gallons per minute during paving stone batch cycle. Minimum capacity of three (3) admixture controls to reduce efflorescence and improve quality and texture.
	2.4	MATERIALS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Insert paver shape, color, thickness and laying pattern below. Contact manufacturer for product information.
		A.	Interlocking Paving Stones shall conform to the following specifications:
			1.	Paver shape to be: ___________________________ or as shown on drawings.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Unit pavers from sources other than the specified manufacture meet or exceed the specified manufacture's color loading. Color content to be certified by an independent testing facility.
			2.	Paver color to be: ___________________________ or as shown on drawings.
			3.	Paver thickness: ___________________________ or as shown on drawings.
			4.	Laying pattern: ___________________________ or as shown on drawings.
			5.	Color Pigments shall conform to ASTM C 979.
			6.	Paver length and width shall not vary by more than plus/minus 1/16 inch (1.6mm) in unit dimension. Paver height shall not vary by more than plus/minus inch (3.2mm) from specified standard dimensions.
			7.	Pavers to have a average minimum compressive strength of 8,000 psi (55 MPa) with no paver testing lower than 7,200 psi (49.6 MPa) in accordance with testing procedures in ASTM C 936, Standard Specification for Interlocking Concrete Paving Units.
			8.	Average absorption of 5 percent with no unit greater than 7 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM C 140 and resistance to 50 freeze-thaw cycles when tested in accordance with ASTM C 67.
			9.	Materials used to manufacture concrete paving stones shall conform to the following:
				a.	Cement: ASTM C 150 (Portland Cement).
				b.	Aggregates: ASTM C 33 (screened, washed sand and rock, with no expanded shale or lightweight aggregates).
		B.	Joint Sand Stabilizer - Waterbase Paver Sealer:
			1.	Apply joint sand stabilizer waterbase paver sealer to finished paving stone installation. Pavers must be cleaned and prepared per container instructions prior to application of waterbase paver sealer.
			2.	Coverage and Curing:
				a.	Coverage: 100 to 250 /sf per gallon (0.09 meters per 3.79 liters).
				b.	Dry time: 1 to 4 hours (dependent on climate).
				c.	Initial curing time: 24 hours.
				d.	Final curing time: 7 to 10 days.
			3.	Do not apply waterbase paver sealer during inclement weather or in direct sunlight when temperature exceeds 80 degrees F.
			4.	Do not apply waterbase paver sealer if there is evidence of efflorescence. If efflorescence is visible, remove staining with Basalite Efflorescence Remover and neutralize paver surface with Basalite Paver Cleaner prior to application of waterbase paver sealer.
			5.	Apply one even coat using a brush, roller, or most types of airless low pressure sprayers (do not over apply). Second coat should be applied before the first coat is dry. Do not allow puddles to form, wipe up excess sealer.
			6.	Acceptable Paver Sealer Products:
				a.	BASALITE Waterbase Concrete and Paver Sealer.
		C.	Sand Bedding Course: ASTM C 33 (Gradation for Bedding Sand).
		D.	Sieve Size: 3/8 inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100
		E.	Passing: 100% 95-100% 80-100% 50-85% 25-60% 10-30% 2-10% (This is commonly known as "washed concrete sand")
	2.5	The thickness of the sand bedding course should be uniform to insure an even surface after compaction of unit pavers. The maximum designed depth should be 1 inch (25 mm) thick with no sand thickness less than 3/4 inch (19 mm) or more than 1-1/2 inch (38 mm).
	2.6	The installation of the sand bedding course will be the responsibility of the paving stone contractor. Do not install sand bedding course during freeze conditions.
	2.7	The finished base should be installed to within plus/minus 1/2 inch of the following:
		A.	The unit paver thickness plus the 1 inch (25 mm) sand bedding course from final elevation.
		B.	Joint Sand: ASTM C 33.
			1.	Use dry washed concrete sand for unit paver joint sand if conditions allow.
			2.	The following sand gradation may also be used if conditions do not allow use of washed concrete sand:
			3.	ASTM C 144 (Gradation for Alternate Joint Sand) Sieve Size: No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100 No. 200
			4.	Passing: 100% 95-100% 70-100% 40-75% 20-40% 10-25% 0-10% (This is commonly known as "mortar sand")
	PART 3	EXECUTION
	3.1	INSTALLATION OF PAVING STONES
		A.	Do not begin installation of pavers until subgrade and base have been prepared per specifications.
		B.	Screed sand bedding course to recommended depth. Sand is to remain undisturbed prior to the installation of unit pavers. Moisture content of sand should remain constant.
		C.	Unit pavers shall be clean and free of foreign materials before installation.
		D.	Installation shall start from a corner or straight edge, unless detailed otherwise, and proceed forward over the undisturbed sand bedding course.
		E.	Paving work shall maintain proper elevations and slope design. Unit paver surface shall be even, true to line and grade, and shall properly coincide and align with adjacent work and elevations. All perimeter edges must be retained to secure the unit pavers and sand bedding course.
			1.	Unit pavers should be installed tight and level on the sand bedding course. String lines should be used to hold pattern directions true. No unit paver joint shall be greater than 1/4 inch (6 mm). No perimeter edge joint should be greater than inch (9.5 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Some paver shapes are designed with larger joint spacing (i.e. SF Rima Paver).
			2.	Cutting of unit pavers shall be done with a double bladed stone cutter or diamond blade masonry saw. Remove any cement residue off pavers prior to installation.
			3.	A plate type vibrating compactor capable of 3,000 to 5,000 lbs. centrifugal compaction force should be used to compact the unit pavers into the sand bedding course. Two to three passes is recommended to insure an even elevation. Ensure paver surface is clear of debris prior to compaction. Do not use joint sand during this process.
			4.	After initial compaction of pavers into bedding sand, spread a dry, angular/fine sand (see sand gradation tables) over the compacted unit pavers. Make several passes with the plate compactor, while sweeping the sand into the paver joints. Insure all joints are full before clean up. Excess sand should be swept up and removed from the completed unit paver installation.
				a.	Use of washed concrete bedding sand is recommended for paver joints if sand is dry.
		F.	The completed paving stone installation should be swept and washed down to provide a clean, finished, workmanlike hardscape pavement.
		G.	The final surface elevation of pavers shall not deviate more than inch (9.5 mm) under a 10 foot (3048 mm) long straightedge.
		H.	The surface elevation of pavers shall be to 1/4 inch above adjacent drainage inlets, concrete collars or channels.
		I.	Apply Basalite Waterbased Paver Sealer, per label instructions, 24 hours after final clean-up and wash down of paving stone surface. Application of waterbased sealer will accelerate the healing of joint sand. This process will insure joint sand stability. During application, protect surrounding areas from over spray. All traffic, pedestrian or vehicular, should be kept off of sealed pavers until initial cure time has been achieved.
	END OF SECTION