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	SECTION 15080
	MECHANICAL INSULATION
	For best results, display hidden notes to specifier.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Knauf Fiber Glass GmbH; thermal and acoustic insulation for piping, equipment, and ducts; duct liner. . This section is based on the products of Knauf Fiber Glass GmbH, which is located at: One Knauf Drive Shelbyville, IN 46176 Tel: (317) 398-4434 Tel: (800) 825-4434 Fax: (317) 398-3675 www.knaufinsulation.com Email: bob.gardner@knaufinsulation.com [ Click Here ] for Additional Product Info and Data This section covers Knauf's molded fiber glass pipe insulation, fiber glass board and blanket insulation, fiber glass duct wrap and duct liner.
	Knauf makes premium fiber glass insulation for industrial and commercial use, air handling, residential, metal building, and OEM markets. About the time Knauf was started in 1978, the insulation business had become rather predictable and complacent. It was time for change, and that's what Knauf offered: new ideas about performance and quality, innovative products, service, and a "let's do it" attitude. For the beginning, our customers had the same sort of "we're in this together" team approach, and it's paid off. Today, Knauf is the fastest-growing manufacturer of premium fiber glass insulation with plants located in Shelbyville, Indiana, and Lanett, Alabama.
	PART 1	GENERAL
	1.1	SECTION INCLUDES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete items below not required for project.
		A.	Pipe insulation, jacketing and accessories.
		B.	Equipment insulation and jacketing.
		C.	Duct insulation and jacketing.
		D.	Duct liner.
	1.2	RELATED SECTIONS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any sections below not relevant to this project; add others as required.
		A.	Section 07210 - Building Insulation: Other types of fiber glass insulation.
		B.	Section 15140 - Domestic Water Piping.
		C.	Section 15180 - Heating and Cooling Piping.
		D.	Section 15510 - Heating Boilers and Accessories.
		E.	Section 15550 - Breechings, Chimneys, and Stacks.
		F.	Section 15815 - Fibrous Glass Ducts.
	1.3	REFERENCES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete references from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited section.
		A.	ASTM C 177 - Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus; 1997.
		B.	ASTM C 335 - Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation; 1995.
		C.	ASTM C 423 - Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method; 2000.
		D.	ASTM C 547 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe Insulation; 2000.
		E.	ASTM C 553 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications; 2000.
		F.	ASTM C 585 - Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Rigid Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing (NPS System); 1990 (Reapproved 1998).
		G.	ASTM C 612 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation; 2000a.
		H.	ASTM C 795 - Standard Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel; 1992 (Reapproved 1998).
		I.	ASTM C 916 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Duct Thermal Insulation; 1985 (Reapproved 2001).
		J.	ASTM C 1071 - Standard Specification for Fibrous Glass Duct Lining Insulation (Thermal and Sound Absorbing Material); 2000.
		K.	ASTM C 1136 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation; 2000.
		L.	ASTM C 1290 - Standard Specification for Flexible Fibrous Glass Blanket Insulation Used to Externally Insulate HVAC Ducts; 2000.
		M.	ASTM E 84 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials; 2000a.
		N.	ASHRAE 90.1 - Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings; 2001.
		O.	NAIMA (AH124) - Fibrous Glass Duct Liner Standard.
		P.	NFPA 90A - Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems; 1999.
		Q.	NFPA 90B - Standard for the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems; 1999.
		R.	SMACNA - HVAC Duct Construction Standard - Metal and Flexible; 1995, Second Edition with Addendum No. 1.
		S.	UL 723 - Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials; 1996.
	1.4	SUBMITTALS
		A.	Submit under provisions of Section 01300.
		B.	Product Data: Manufacturer's data sheets on each product to be used, including:
			1.	Preparation instructions and recommendations.
			2.	Storage and handling requirements and recommendations.
			3.	Installation methods.
		C.	Shop Drawings: Include location of materials.
		D.	Verification Samples: For each product specified, two samples, minimum size 6 inches (150 mm) square, representing actual product.
	1.5	QUALITY ASSURANCE
		A.	Installer Qualifications: Skilled labor regularly engaged in this type of work.
	1.6	DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
		A.	Store products in manufacturer's unopened packaging until ready for installation.
		B.	Store and dispose of solvent-based materials, and materials used with solvent-based materials, in accordance with requirements of local authorities having jurisdiction.
		C.	Follow manufacturer's recommended handling practices.
	1.7	PROJECT CONDITIONS
		A.	Maintain environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and ventilation) within limits recommended by manufacturer for optimum results. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside manufacturer's absolute limits.
		B.	Maintain ambient conditions required by manufacturers of tapes, adhesives, mastics, cements, and insulation materials.
	PART 2	PRODUCTS
	2.1	MANUFACTURERS
		A.	Acceptable Manufacturer - Insulation: Knauf Fiber Glass; One Knauf Drive, Shelbyville, IN 46176. ASD. Tel: (317) 398-4434. Tel: (800) 825-4434. Fax: (317) 398-3675. www.knaufinsulation.com; Email: bob.gardner@knaufinsulation.com.
		B.	Acceptable Manufacturer - PVC Jackets: Proto Corporation; Proto Manufacturing Limited, 2175 Solar Crescent, Oldcastle, Ontario, N0R 1L0 Canada. ASD. Tel: (519) 737-6330. Tel: (800) 965-8378. Fax: (519) 737-1692. E-mail: proto@protoxrd.com. www.protoxrd.com.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs; coordinate with requirements of Division 1 section on product options and substitutions.
		C.	Requests for substitutions will be considered in accordance with provisions of Section 01600.
	2.2	PIPE INSULATION
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Piping systems that may need insulating with these materials include domestic hot and cold water, steam, steam condensate, heating hot water; cooling system chilled water, brine, and refrigerant. R-values or thicknesses need to be either indicated on the drawings or added to this section. Normally retain the following paragraph as the basic insulation for piping. Other applications and products appear below, which may or may not be required on the project.
		A.	Use the specified molded pipe insulation on all piping unless otherwise indicated.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
			1.	R-Value and/or Thickness: As indicated on the drawings.
			2.	R-Value: ________.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** At least one of the following two paragraphs should apply to the project. Delete those not required.
			3.	Finish insulation located indoors with ASJ jacket, unless otherwise indicated.
			4.	Finish insulation exposed outdoors and in mechanical rooms and high traffic areas with the following jacketing, unless otherwise indicated:
				a.	Jacket: PVC jacketing and fitting covers.
				b.	Where PVC jacketing cannot be used, use specified metal jacketing and fitting covers.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if not applicable to project.
			5.	Do not use PVC jacketing where exposed to direct sunlight and insulation is more than 20 inches (510 mm) outside diameter, or where insulation thickness is not adequate to ensure that the surface temperature of PVC does not exceed 125 degrees F (51 degrees C).
		B.	Molded Pipe Insulation: Knauf 1000 Degree Pipe Insulation; fiber glass, meeting ASTM C 547, ASTM C 585, and ASTM C 795; rigid, molded, noncombustible.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.23 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.033 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 335 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Maximum Service Temperature: 1000 degrees F (538 degrees C).
			3.	ASJ Jacket: Vapor retardant all service jacket complying with ASTM C 1136 Type I, secured with self-sealing longitudinal laps (SSL) and butt strips.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any of the following materials not required.
		C.	Molded Self-Wicking Pipe Insulation: Knauf PermaWick (tm); fiber glass with moisture wicking liner, meeting ASTM C 547, ASTM C 585, and ASTM C 795; rigid, molded, noncombustible.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.23 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.033 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 335 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Maximum Service Temperature: 350 degrees F (177 degrees C).
			3.	PWJ Jacket: Paperless white all service jacket with vapor transmission rating of 0.04 perms (0.23 ng/(Pa s sq m)) and evaporation holes, secured with self-sealing longitudinal laps (SSL) and butt strips.
			4.	Fitting Cover Material: PermaWick cloth, rigid insulation of same thickness, and PVC fitting covers.
		D.	Semi-Rigid Board Insulation: Knauf Pipe and Tank Insulation; semi-rigid fiber glass, limited combustible.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.25 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.036 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Maximum Service Temperature: 850 degrees F (454 degrees C).
			3.	ASJ Facing: Vapor retardant all service jacket complying with ASTM C 1136 Type I.
			4.	FSK Facing: Vapor retardant foil scrim kraft jacket complying with ASTM C 1136 Type II.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Requirements to use PVC and/or metal jackets are specified above. Delete jackets not required.
		E.	PVC Jacket and Fitting Covers: Proto Corporation molded PVC high-impact jacketing, fitting covers, and accessories, with fiber glass inserts.
			1.	For Interior Use: Proto 25/50; flame spread/smoke developed index of 25/50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.
			2.	For Exterior Use: Proto Indoor/Outdoor, UV-resistant.
			3.	PVC: Minimum thickness of 0.020 inches (0.508 mm), outdoor weatherable.
			4.	Insulation Inserts: Fiber glass; thermal conductivity (K-value) of 0.26 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.037 W/m K) at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			5.	Closures: Stainless steel tacks, matching PVC tape, or PVC adhesive as recommended by manufacturer.
		F.	Metal Jacket and Fitting Covers: Aluminum or stainless steel, 0.016 inch (0.045 mm) thick in smooth, corrugated, or embossed finish with factory-applied moisture barrier.
			1.	Overlap: 2 inches (50 mm), minimum.
			2.	Fittings: Die-shaped with factory-applied moisture barrier.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** The following fitting insulation should be specified if the molded PVC fitting covers are not specified above.
		G.	Fitting Insulation: Where molded PVC fitting covers are not used, provide preformed fitting insulation made of one of the following materials; protect with field-applied fitting covers or metal fittings:
			1.	Molded or mitered fiber glass board.
			2.	Molded or mitered perlite board.
			3.	Calcium silicate.
	2.3	EQUIPMENT INSULATION
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Equipment that might insulated using these materials includes tanks, vessels, boiler walls, hot precipitators, cylindrical tanks, towers, stacks, and industrial ovens. The following is a guide to specifying different types of insulation on different equipment. The R-value and/or thickness needs to be either indicated on the drawings or added to the specification. Normally retain the first paragraph below as the primary application.
		A.	Use the specified rigid insulation on all equipment indicated to be insulated, unless otherwise indicated.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
			1.	R-Value and/or Thickness: As indicated on the drawings.
			2.	R-Value: ________.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any of the following three paragraphs that are not applicable to the project.
			3.	Where equipment shape does not accommodate rigid boards, use elevated temperature insulation, either semi-rigid or flexible.
			4.	Finish insulation exposed in mechanical rooms or subject to mechanical abuse with one of the following, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				a.	Finish: PVC jacketing.
				b.	Finish: Metal as indicated on the drawings.
			5.	Finish insulation exposed outdoors with one of the following, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				a.	Finish: PVC jacketing.
				b.	Finish: Metal as indicated on the drawings.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Normally retain the following paragraph. If none of the other applications above are retained, change to read "finish insulation...."
			6.	Finish other insulation with one of the following, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				a.	Finish: ASJ facing.
				b.	Finish: FSK facing.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if no 450 to 850 degree high temperature equipment is to be insulated.
		B.	Use one of the following materials, as appropriate to conditions, on equipment with surface temperature between 450 and 850 degrees F (232 and 454 degrees C):
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any of the following four types of insulation that are not acceptable.
			1.	Elevated temperature rigid insulation.
			2.	Elevated temperature semi-rigid insulation.
			3.	High-density elevated temperature flexible insulation.
			4.	Elevated temperature flexible insulation.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
			5.	R-Value and/or Thickness: As indicated on the drawings.
			6.	R-Value: ________.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two finishes. If more than one finish is required, indicate clearly where each will be used.
			7.	Finish: PVC jacketing.
			8.	Finish: Metal jacketing.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if no 850 to 1000 degree high temperature equipment is to be insulated.
		C.	Use one of the following materials, as appropriate to conditions, on equipment with surface temperature between 850 and 1000 degrees F (454 and 538 degrees C):
			1.	Elevated temperature semi-rigid board insulation.
			2.	Elevated temperature flexible blanket insulation.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
			3.	R-Value and/or Thickness: As indicated on the drawings.
			4.	R-Value: ________.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select one of the following finishes. If more than one finish is required, indicate clearly where each will be used.
			5.	Finish: PVC jacketing.
			6.	Finish: Metal jacketing.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete all of the following materials not required. Coordinate material types with those specified above under Applications.
		D.	Rigid Insulation: Knauf Insulation Board; fiber glass insulation board meeting ASTM C 612 Type IA and IB; rigid.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 450 degrees F (232 degrees C).
			2.	Use medium density insulation in concealed areas and high density insulation in exposed areas.
			3.	Medium Density: 3 pounds per cubic feet (48 kg per cubic meter), minimum.
				a.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.23 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.033 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
				b.	ASJ Facing: Vapor retardant all service jacket conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type I.
				c.	FSK Facing: Vapor retardant foil scrim kraft conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II.
			4.	High Density Insulation: 6 pounds per cubic feet (96 kg per cubic meter), minimum.
				a.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.22 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.032 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
				b.	ASJ Facing: Vapor retardant all service jacket conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type I.
				c.	FSK Facing: Vapor retardant foil scrim kraft conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II.
		E.	Semi-Rigid Insulation: Knauf Pipe and Tank Insulation; semi-rigid fiber glass board, limited combustible.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.25 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.036 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Maximum Service Temperature: 850 degrees F (454 degrees C).
			3.	ASJ Facing: Vapor retardant all service jacket complying with ASTM C 1136 Type I.
			4.	FSK Facing: Vapor retardant foil scrim kraft jacket complying with ASTM C 1136 Type II.
		F.	Elevated Temperature Rigid Insulation: Knauf Elevated Temperature Board; ASTM C 612 Type IA, IB, and II; rigid fiber glass board, noncombustible.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 850 degrees F (454 degrees C).
			2.	Density: 2.8 pounds per cubic feet (45 kg per cubic meter).
			3.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.25 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.036 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
		G.	Elevated Temperature Semi-Rigid Insulation: Knauf Elevated Temperature Panel 1000 Degree; ASTM C 612 Type II and III; semi-rigid fiber glass board, noncombustible.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 1000 degrees F (538 degrees C).
			2.	Density: 2.4 pounds per cubic feet (38 kg per cubic meter).
			3.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.25 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.036 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
		H.	High Density Elevated Temperature Flexible Insulation: Knauf ET Batt 1000 Degree or Knauf HD Blanket 1000 Degree; flexible fiber glass batt or blanket, noncombustible.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 1000 degrees F (538 degrees C).
			2.	Density: 1.6 pounds per cubic feet (26 kg per cubic meter).
			3.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.24 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.035 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
		I.	Elevated Temperature Flexible Insulation: Knauf ET Blanket 1000 Degree; flexible fiber glass blanket, noncombustible.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 1000 degrees F (538 degrees C).
			2.	Density: 1.1 pounds per cubic feet (18 kg per cubic meter).
			3.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.24 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.035 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Requirements to use PVC and/or metal jackets are specified above. Delete jackets not required.
		J.	PVC Jacketing:
			1.	For Exterior Use: 0.030 inches (0.76 mm) thick, minimum, outdoor weatherable.
			2.	For Interior Use: 0.020 inch (0.508 mm) thick, minimum.
		K.	Metal Jacketing: Aluminum or stainless steel, 0.016 inch (0.045 mm) thick in smooth, corrugated, or embossed finish with factory-applied moisture barrier; 2 inch (50 mm), minimum, overlap joints.
	2.4	DUCT INSULATION
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if the exteriors of ducts are not to be insulated.
		A.	Use one of the following materials on exterior of ducts, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete either of the following two paragraphs if not acceptable as insulation for the exterior of ducts.
			1.	Flexible insulation.
			2.	Rigid insulation.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete two of the following three paragraphs.
			3.	R-Value: Comply with ASHRAE 90.1, installed.
			4.	R-Value and/or Thickness: As indicated on the drawings.
			5.	R-Value: ________.
			6.	Finish insulation located indoors with one of the following, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any of the following four paragraphs that is not acceptable.
				a.	Facing: None.
				b.	Facing: FSK.
				c.	Facing: PSK or ASJ.
				d.	Facing: Vinyl vapor retarder or ASJ.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if no outdoor ducts are to be insulated.
			7.	Finish insulation exposed outdoors with one of the following, unless otherwise indicated:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				a.	Finish: Aluminum jacketing.
				b.	Finish: PVC jacketing.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if high temperature ducts are not to be insulated. Be sure that high temperature insulation for equipment is specified above.
		B.	Use same insulation as specified for high temperature equipment on ducts operating at over 350 degrees F (177 degrees C).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Normally retain the following paragraph for duct liner.
		C.	Use duct liner on interior of ducts, unless otherwise indicated:
			1.	Thickness: ______.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete all of the following materials that are not specified under Applications above.
		D.	Flexible Insulation: Knauf Duct Wrap; flexible fiber glass blanket insulation meeting ASTM C 553 Types I, II and III, and ASTM C 1290; limited combustible.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.29 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.042 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Density:
				a.	Concealed Areas: Minimum 0.75 pounds per cubic feet (12 kg per cubic meter).
				b.	Exposed Areas: Minimum 1.0 pounds per cubic feet (16 kg per cubic meter).
			3.	No Facing: Maximum service temperature 350 degrees F (177 degrees C).
			4.	FSK Facing: Foil scrim kraft (FSK), conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II; maximum service temperature 250 degrees F (121 degrees C) ; factory applied.
			5.	PSK Facing: Metalized polypropylene scrim kraft jacket, conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II; maximum service temperature 250 degrees F (121 degrees C) ; factory applied.
			6.	Vapor Retarder Facing: Vinyl, white or gray; 2 inch (51 mm) stapling flange on one edge; factory applied.
		E.	Rigid Insulation: Knauf Insulation Board; fiber glass insulation board meeting ASTM C 612 Type IA and IB; rigid.
			1.	Maximum Service Temperature: 450 degrees F (232 degrees C).
			2.	Use medium density insulation in concealed areas and high density insulation in exposed areas.
			3.	Medium Density: 3 pounds per cubic feet (48 kg per cubic meter), minimum.
				a.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.23 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.033 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				b.	Facing: Vapor retarder all service jacket (ASJ) conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type I.
				c.	Facing: Vapor retarder foil scrim kraft (FSK) conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II.
			4.	High Density Insulation: 6 pounds per cubic feet (96 kg per cubic meter), minimum.
				a.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.22 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.032 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs.
				b.	Facing: Vapor retarder all service jacket (ASJ) conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type I.
				c.	Facing: Vapor retarder foil scrim kraft (FSK) conforming to ASTM C 1136 Type II.
		F.	Duct Liner: Knauf Duct Liner E-M, complying with ASTM C 1071 Type I and NFPA 90A and 90B; or Knauf Rigid Plenum Liner, complying with ASTM C 1071 Type II and NFPA 90A and 90B.
			1.	Thermal Conductivity (K-Value): 0.24 Btu in/hr sq ft degrees F (0.035 W/m K), when tested in accordance with ASTM C 177 at 75 degrees F (24 degrees C).
			2.	Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC): 0.45 or higher for 1/2 inch (13 mm) product, 0.70 or higher for 1 inch (25.4 mm) product, when tested in accordance with ASTM C 423 in Type A mounting.
			3.	Maximum Air Velocity: 6000 feet per minute (1829 meters per minute) for Type I product, 5000 feet per minute (1524 meters per minute) for Type II product.
			4.	Adhesive: ASTM C 916.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Requirements to use PVC and/or metal jackets are specified above. Delete jackets not required.
		G.	Aluminum Jacketing: Aluminum sheet, 0.016 inch (0.045 mm) thick, smooth, corrugated, or embossed finish with factory applied moisture barrier; overlap joints 2 inches (50 mm), minimum.
		H.	PVC Jacketing: Proto Corporation Indoor/Outdoor, UV-resistant, white; solvent welded adhesive joints, or as recommended by manufacturer.
	2.5	ACCESSORY MATERIALS
		A.	Joint Tape: Pressure-sensitive foil tape, 3 inches (75 mm) wide, minimum, with flame spread/smoke developed index of 25/50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 or UL 723; for application with moving pressure using a squeegee or other appropriate sealing tool.
	PART 3	EXECUTION
	3.1	EXAMINATION
		A.	Verify that all piping, equipment, and ductwork are tested and approved prior to insulation installation.
		B.	Verify that all surfaces are clean, dry and without foreign material before applying insulation materials.
	3.2	INSTALLATION - GENERAL
		A.	Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and applicable building codes.
		B.	Where R-values are indicated, install in thickness required to achieve R-values; otherwise install to thicknesses indicated.
		C.	Install continuously on surfaces to be insulated, without gaps; butt sections firmly unless overlapping is specified or recommended by manufacturer.
		D.	Locate seams in least visible location. Extend surface finishes to protect raw edges, ends and surfaces of insulation.
		E.	Where vapor retarder facing or jacketing is specified, maintain continuous, unbroken moisture and vapor seal; insulate and vapor seal all hangers, supports, anchors, and other projections secured to cold surfaces to prevent condensation; repair penetrations and damage to vapor retarder using joint tape prior to system startup.
	3.3	PIPE INSULATION
		A.	Install pipe insulation continuously through walls, ceiling and floor openings, and sleeves except where firestopping materials are required.
		B.	Insulation installed on piping operating below ambient temperature must have a continuous vapor retarder. Seal all joints, seams and fittings.
		C.	Insulate fittings and valves with insulation equivalent to that required for adjacent piping; finish with same materials unless otherwise specified.
		D.	Molded Pipe Insulation:
			1.	Firmly butt and secure ends with appropriate butt-strip material.
			2.	On high-temperature piping, use multiple layers with staggered joints; do not jacket inner layer(s).
			3.	Install metal shields between hangers or supports and piping insulation and install rigid insulation inserts between pipe and the insulation shields.
				a.	Insulation Inserts: Of equal thickness to the adjacent insulation and vapor sealed as required.
				b.	On Pipe of IPS of 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (38 to 63 mm): 10 inches (254 mm) long.
				c.	On Pipe of IPS of 3 to 6 inches (75 to 150 mm): 12 inches (305 mm) long.
				d.	On Pipe of IPS of 8 to 10 inches (203 to 254 mm): 16 inches (406 mm) long.
				e.	On Pipe of IPS of 12 inches (305 mm) and over: 22 inches (559 mm) long.
		E.	Outdoor Jacketing:
			1.	Longitudinal Seam Joints: Install to shed water and completely seal; secure with friction type Z lock or minimum 2 inches (50 mm) overlap joint.
			2.	Circumferential Joints: Seal with preformed butt strips, minimum 2 inches (50 mm) wide or with minimum 2 inches (50 mm) overlap; overlap adjacent jacketing by minimum 1/2 inch (13 mm) and completely weather seal.
			3.	Expansion Joints: 6 to 10 inch (150 mm to 203 mm) unsealed slide joint through insulation and jacketing with thin bead of silicone grease in the overlap to prevent water migration while allowing the joint to slide; install at:
				a.	Every 25 to 30 feet (7620 mm to 9144 mm) in pipe length.
				b.	Where distance between fittings exceeds 8 feet (2438 mm).
		F.	Molded PVC Fitting Covers and Jacketing: Comply with manufacturer's instructions.
	3.4	EQUIPMENT INSULATION
		A.	Apply insulation with joints firmly butted as close as possible to the equipment surface. Secure insulation as required with adhesive, mechanical fasteners or banding material. Install fasteners maximum of 3 inches (75 mm) from each edge and spaced no greater than 12 inches (305 mm) on center.
		B.	Overlap vapor retarders minimum of 2 inches (50 mm) at all seams and seal with specified joint tape; cover penetrations, facing damage, and mechanical fasteners with minimum 2 inches (50 mm) overlap of joint tape.
		C.	Equipment Insulation Exposed on Exterior: Position joints so as to shed water; with minimum 3 inches (75 mm) overlap, and completely weather seal.
		D.	High Temperature Equipment:
			1.	Mount insulation against the hot surface, in H-bar configuration, or in panels mounted away from the operating surface.
			2.	Apply insulation over welded pins or studs up to 1/2 inches (13 mm) in diameter.
			3.	Secure insulation using mesh reinforcement or steel bands.
			4.	Do not compress insulation beyond maximum of 5 percent at any point.
			5.	Space pins and studs 4 inches (100 mm), maximum, from each edge and at 16 inches (406 mm), maximum, on center.
			6.	For temperatures above 550 degrees F (288 degrees C) and design thicknesses over 3 inches (75 mm), apply insulation in multiple layers with staggered joints.
	3.5	DUCT LINER
		A.	Cover internal duct areas with duct liner.
		B.	Apply duct lining in strict accordance with the latest edition of SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standard and NAIMA Fibrous Glass Duct Liner Standard.
			1.	Butt transverse joints firmly with no gaps and coat with adhesive.
			2.	Overlap and compress longitudinal corner joints.
			3.	When air velocity will be 4000 to 6000 feet per minute (1219 to 1829 meters per minute), apply metal nosing to upstream transverse edges to secure the insulation.
		C.	Fasteners:
			1.	Select length of mechanical fasteners in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation as listed on each product.
			2.	Install mechanical fasteners perpendicular to the duct surface. Do not compress the liner with the pin more than 1/8 inches (3 mm) relative to the nominal thickness of the insulation.
		D.	Adhesive:
			1.	Apply adhesive to the sheet metal with a 90 percent minimum coverage.
			2.	Coat exposed edges of the duct liner with the same adhesive.
			3.	Repair rips and tears using the same adhesive.
	3.6	EXTERNAL DUCT INSULATION
		A.	Install duct insulation continuously through walls, ceiling and floor openings, and sleeves except where firestopping materials or fire or smoke dampers are required.
		B.	Flexible Insulation: Install to obtain specified R-value using maximum compression of 25 percent; firmly butt joints.
			1.	Secure in place using outward cinching staples and joint tape.
			2.	Vapor Retarder Faced Insulation: Overlap longitudinal seam minimum of 2 inches (50 mm) and tape; lap circumferential seam using factory-applied 2 inch (50 mm) tab and tape.
			3.	Unfaced Insulation: Overlap minimum 2 inches (50 mm); fasten with 4 to 6 inch (100 to 150 mm) nails or skewers spaced 4 inches (100 mm) apart or secure with wire/banding system; exercise care to avoid damage to the insulation.
			4.	Rectangular Ducts Over 18 inches (457 mm) Wide: Provide additional mechanical fasteners on the bottom of ducts at 18 inches (457 mm) on center. Exercise care to avoid over-compression of the insulation during installation.
		C.	Board Insulation: Secure in place using adhesive and mechanical fasteners spaced at 12 inches (300 mm) on center, maximum, with minimum of 2 rows per side of duct; secure insulation with speed washers; seal joints, breaks and punctures with specified joint tape.
	3.7	PROTECTION
		A.	Protect installed products until completion of project.
		B.	Touch-up, repair or replace damaged products before Substantial Completion.
	END OF SECTION