SECTION 09 97 23

			CONCRETE AND MASONRY COATINGS - INTERIOR APPLICATIONS

			

			Copyright 2026 - 2026 ARCAT, Inc. - All rights reserved


** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** KEIM Mineral Coatings of America, Inc.; Mineral paints and stains.
This section is based on the products of KEIM Mineral Coatings of America, Inc., which is located at:
3935 Perimeter W., Suite 100
Charlotte, NC 28214
Toll Free Tel: 866-906-5346
Tel: 704-588-4811
Email: request info (info@keim.com)
Web: https://keim-usa.com  
 [ https://arcat.com/company/keim-mineral-coatings-of-america-inc-52988 ] for additional information.
Founded in 1878 in Germany, Keim is the original inventor and world leader of Mineral Silicate Paints and Stains. Keim expanded in 2007 with the establishment of Keim Mineral Coatings of America, our dedicated USA subsidiary. We specialize in high-performance coatings that chemically bond to mineral substrates, creating an extremely durable, breathable, and colorfast finish. These products are ideal for historic restoration, modern architecture, and any project requiring a finish that will not peel or fade for decades. Committed to the highest ecological standards, our sustainable formulations are Cradle to Cradle Certified and contain no VOCs, ensuring a healthy environment for both people and the planet.

PART 1  GENERAL

1.1  SECTION INCLUDES
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete items below not required for project.

	A.  Interior mineral SOL silicate paint.

	B.  Interior mineral SOL silicate photocatalytic paint.

	C.  Interior/exterior natural limewash from Europe.

1.2  RELATED SECTIONS
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any sections below not relevant to this project; add others as required.

	A.  Section 01 61 16 - Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content Restrictions.

	B.  Section 09 91 23 - Interior Painting.

1.3  REFERENCES
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete references from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited section.

	A.  ASTM International (ASTM):
		1.  ASTM D6886 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Weight Percent Individual Volatile Organic Compounds in Waterborne Air-Dry Coatings by Gas Chromatography.
		2.  ASTM E84 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.

	B.  European/German Standards (DIN):
		1.  DIN EN 13300 - European quality standard for classifying water-borne coating materials (paints and varnishes) used on interior walls and ceilings.
		2.  DIN 18 363, 2.4.1 - Defines the standard for dispersion silicate paints used in coating work.
		3.  DIN 4102-A2 - German fire safety classification for building materials.

	C.  International Standards Organization (ISO):
		1.  ISO 6504-3 - Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power. Part 3: Determination of hiding power of paints for masonry, concrete and interior use.
		2.  EN ISO 11998 - Paints and varnishes - Determination of wet-scrub resistance and cleanability of coatings.

1.4  SUBMITTALS

	A.  Submit under provisions of Section 01 30 00.

	B.  Product Data:
		1.  Manufacturer's data sheets on each product to be used.
		2.  Preparation instructions and recommendations.
		3.  Storage and handling requirements and recommendations.
		4.  Typical installation methods.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete if not applicable to product type.

	C.  Verification Samples: Two representative units of each type, size, pattern, and color.

	D.  Shop Drawings: Include details of materials, construction, and finish. Include relationship with adjacent construction.

1.5  QUALITY ASSURANCE

	A.  Manufacturer Qualifications: Company specializing in manufacturing products specified in this section with a minimum of five years documented experience.

	B.  Installer Qualifications: Company specializing in performing Work of this section with minimum two years documented experience with projects of similar scope and complexity.

	C.  Source Limitations: Provide each type of product from a single manufacturing source to ensure uniformity.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Include mock-up if the project size or quality warrant the expense. The following is one example of how a mock-up might be specified. When deciding on the extent of the mock-up, consider all the major different types of work on the project.

	D.  Mock-Up: Construct a mock-up with actual materials in sufficient time for Architect's review and to not delay construction progress. Locate mock-up as acceptable to Architect and provide temporary foundations and support.
		1.  The intent of a mock-up is to demonstrate quality of workmanship and visual appearance.
		2.  If the mock-up is not acceptable, rebuild the mock-up until satisfactory results are achieved.
		3.  Retain mock-up during construction as a standard for comparison with completed work.
		4.  Do not alter or remove mock-up until work is completed or removal is authorized.

1.6  PRE-INSTALLATION CONFERENCE

	A.  Convene a conference approximately two weeks before scheduled commencement of the Work. Attendees shall include Architect, Contractor and trades involved. Agenda shall include schedule, responsibilities, critical path items, and approvals.

1.7  DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

	A.  Store and handle in strict compliance with manufacturer's written instructions and recommendations.

	B.  Protect from damage due to weather, excessive temperature, and construction operations.

1.8  PROJECT CONDITIONS

	A.  Maintain environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and ventilation) within limits recommended by manufacturer for optimum results. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside manufacturer's recommended limits.

	B.  Apply at temperatures between 50 and 86 degrees F (10 and 30 degrees C) .
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if not required.

	C.  Limewash: Application conditions
		1.  Ambient and substrate temperature: 41 degrees F (5 degrees C) and rising and below 86 degrees F (30 degrees C). Do not apply in direct sunlight or onto sun-heated substrates. Protect coated surfaces from direct sunlight, and wind during and after application for a minimum of 12 hours and protect from rain for 36 to 48 hours.

1.9  WARRANTY

	A.  Manufacturer's standard limited warranty unless indicated otherwise.

PART 2  PRODUCTS

2.1  MANUFACTURERS

	A.  Acceptable Manufacturer: KEIM Mineral Coatings of America, Inc., which is located at:
3935 Perimeter W., Suite 100
Charlotte, NC 28214
Toll Free Tel: 866-906-5346
Tel: 704-588-4811
Email: request info (info@keim.com);Web: https://keim-usa.com 
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs; coordinate with requirements of Division 1 section on product options and substitutions.

	B.  Substitutions: Not permitted.

	C.  Requests for substitutions will be considered in accordance with the provisions of Section 01 60 00.

2.2  INTERIOR MINERAL SOL SILICATE PAINT
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete options not required. Innopro is ideal for residential, commercial, and historic interiors where fast production and superior hiding are required. Use on new or previously painted walls and ceilings of drywall, plaster, concrete, brick/masonry, or stucco. Particularly suited for use in inhabited areas without disruption and where coverage in a single coat is desired.

	A.  Basis of Design: Keim Innopro as manufactured by Keim. A sol-silicate mineral paint. No odor or VOCs. Crystalline finish particularly appropriate where critical, raking light is present. For use with chemically sensitive individuals. High vapor permeability allows walls to remain drier. Will not support growth of mold or mildew and will not burn. A Class A building material and will not contribute fuel or noxious smoke to a fire.
		1.  For Maximum Durability on Bare and Uncoated Surfaces: 2 coats applied at recommended coverage rates. Surface should be fully coated, with no pinholes, runs, or holidays.
		2.  Product Properties:
			a.  A water-base silica-sol potassium silicate binder, formulated with mineral fillers and pigments in accordance with DIN EN 13 300 silicate emulsion paint.
			b.  Ultra-high hiding in a single coat.
			c.  Color: Luminous high reflectance whites
			d.  Finish: Optimized for walls with glancing light.
			e.  Highly vapor permeable.
			f.  Best-in-class wet abrasion resistance.
			g.  Requires no specialized equipment or skill to apply.
			h.  Incombustible; corresponding to DIN 4102-A2, certified.
			i.  Hinders mold growth; certified resistance to fungi.
			j.  No preservatives, solvents, plasticizers, or biocides.
			k.  Very low environmental impact
			l.  Cradle-to-Cradle certified.
		3.  Technical Data: Test results performed on 2 coats applied at 300 to 350 sq ft per gal (7.36 to 8.59 sq m per liter). Cure: 7 days at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) and 50 percent relative humidity.
			a.  Specific Weight: 87.4 to 99.9 lbs per cu ft (1.4 to 1.6 grams per cu cm).
			b.  Organic Content: Less than 5 percent.
			c.  pH Value at 20 degrees C: 11.
			d.  Gloss at 85 degrees: 2.0 Matte Flat.
			e.  Flashpoint: Non-Flammable.
			f.  Vapor Permeability: 75 to 85 perms
			g.  VOC (white or tinted) ASTM D6886: Less than 1 gram per liter.
			h.  Contrast Ratio; Hiding Power per ISO 6504-3: Class 1. Best in class.
			i.  Wet Abrasion Resistance; EN ISO 11998: Class 1. Best in class.
			j.  Finish: Matte Flat. Less than 5 percent gloss.
		4.  Environmental Properties:
			a.  EPA: Yes.
			b.  LEED: Yes.
			c.  CARB: Yes.
			d.  SCAQMD: Yes,
			e.  EPD Certified: Yes,
			f.  Nature Plus Certified: Yes.
			g.  UL Greenguard Gold: Yes.
			h.  C2C Material Health: Gold.
			i.  Cradle to Cradle Certification: Silver.
		5.  Coverage:
			a.  Drywall and Wallboard: 275 to 325 sq ft / gal (6.75 to 7.98 sq m / liter).
			b.  Cast or Pre-Cast Concrete: 250 to 300 sq ft per gal (6.13 to 7.36 sq m / liter).
			c.  Brick or Stone Masonry: 150 to 200 sq ft / gal (3.68 to 4.91 sq m / liter)
			d.  Plaster and Stucco: 125 to 175 sq ft per gal (3.07 to 4.29 sq m / liter).
			e.  CMU Block (smooth): 75 to 125 sq ft per gal (1.84 to 3.07 sq m / liter).
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Innostar is ideal for residential, commercial, and historic interiors where fast production and luminous colors are desired. Use on new or previously painted walls and ceilings of drywall, plaster, concrete, brick/masonry, or stucco. Particularly suited for use in inhabited areas without disruption and where coverage in a single coat is desired. Ideal for use in historic restoration as Innostar dries/cures with little surface tension which can damage delicate surfaces.

	B.  Basis of Design: Keim Innostar as manufactured by Keim. A premium sol-silicate mineral paint. No odor or VOCs. Crystalline finish particularly appropriate where critical, raking light is present. For use with chemically sensitive individuals. High vapor permeability allows walls to remain drier. Will not support growth of mold or mildew and will not burn. A Class A building material and will not contribute fuel or noxious smoke.
		1.  For Maximum Durability on Bare and Uncoated Surfaces: 2 coats applied at recommended coverage rates. Surface should be fully coated, with no pinholes, runs, or holidays.
		2.  Product Properties
			a.  A water-base silica-sol potassium silicate binder, formulated with mineral fillers and pigments in accordance with DIN EN 13 300 silicate emulsion paint.
			b.  Ultra-high hiding in a single coat.
			c.  Color: Luminous high reflectance whites.
			d.  Finish: Optimized for walls with glancing light.
			e.  Highly vapor permeable.
			f.  Best-in-class wet abrasion resistance.
			g.  Requires no specialized equipment or skill to apply.
			h.  Incombustible; corresponding to DIN 4102-A2, certified.
			i.  Hinders mold growth; certified resistance to fungi.
			j.  No preservatives, solvents, plasticizers, or biocides.
			k.  Very low environmental impact.
			l.  Cradle-to-Cradle certified.
		3.  Technical Data: Test results performed on 2 coats applied at 300 to 350 sq ft per gal (7.36 to 8.59 sq m per liter). Cure: 7 days at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) and 50 percent relative humidity.
			a.  Specific Weight: 87.4 to 99.9 lbs per cu ft (1.4 to 1.6 grams per cu cm).
			b.  Organic Content: Less than 5 percent.
			c.  pH Value at 20 degrees C: 11.
			d.  Gloss at 85 degrees: 2.0 Matte Flat.
			e.  Flashpoint: Non-Flammable.
			f.  Vapor Permeability: 75 to 85 perms.
			g.  VOC (white or tinted) ASTM D6886: Less than 1 gram per liter.
			h.  Contrast Ratio; Hiding Power per ISO 6504-3: Class 1. Best in class.
			i.  Wet Abrasion Resistance; EN ISO 11998: Class 1. Best in class.
			j.  Finish: Matte Flat. Less than 5 percent gloss.
		4.  Environmental Properties:
			a.  EPA: Yes.
			b.  LEED: Yes.
			c.  CARB: Yes.
			d.  SCAQMD: Yes,
			e.  EPD Certified: Yes,
			f.  Nature Plus Certified: Yes.
			g.  UL Greenguard Gold: Yes.
			h.  C2C Material Health: Gold.
			i.  Cradle to Cradle Certification: Silver.
		5.  Coverage: 
			a.  Drywall and Wallboard: 300 to 350 sq ft / gal (7.36 to 8.59 sq m / liter).
			b.  Cast or Pre-Cast Concrete: 275 to 325 sq ft / gal (6.75 to 7.98 sq m / liter).
			c.  Brick or Stone Masonry: 175 to 225 sq ft / gal (4.29 to 5.52 sq m / liter).
			d.  Plaster and Stucco: 150 to 200 sq ft / gal (3.68 to 4.91 sq m / liter).
			e.  CMU Block (smooth): 100 to 150 sq ft / gal (2.45 to 3.68 sq m / liter).

2.3  INTERIOR MINERAL SOL SILICATE PHOTOCATALYTIC PAINT
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** KEIM Ecosil-ME is particularly suitable for interior walls and ceilings in heavily used areas such as public buildings, hospitals, schools, offices, hotels, restaurants, and food storage areas. Suitable substrates include all mineral plasters, concrete, drywall, and primed and sound existing paints.

	A.  Basis of Design: Keim Ecosil--Me as manufactured by Keim. A heavy duty, multipurpose interior silicate paint to DIN EN 13 300, and meets DIN 18 363, 2.4.1, requirements; silicate emulsion paint. The photocatalytic properties reduce interior VOC's and eliminates odors. Will not support mold, mildew, or micro-organism growth. Does not contain pesticides or biocides. Crystalline finish. High vapor permeability allows walls to remain drier. Will not burn. A Class A building material and will not contribute fuel or noxious smoke.
		1.  Product Properties:
			a.  Uses a water-base potassium silicate binder and is formulated with mineral fillers and pigments. It is completely natural and has an extremely low odor.
			b.  Ideal in high usage areas. Highly scrub-resistant.
			c.  Photocatalytic Effect; Test Report: Converts noxious gases and odors to harmless carbon dioxide and water.
			d.  Resistant to disinfectants and harsh cleaning chemicals.
			e.  Suitable for allergy sufferers; test certificate.
			f.  No solvents added.
			g.  Zero plasticizer content.
			h.  Safe for foodstuff applications; test certificate.
			i.  Enhanced hiding power.
			j.  No preservatives added.
			k.  Resistant to fungal and mold growth thanks to mineral alkaline nature; test certificate.
			l.  Cradle-to-Cradle certified.
		2.  Technical Data: Test results performed on 2 coats applied at 300 to 350 sq ft per gal (7.36 to 8.59 sq m per liter). Cure: 7 days at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) and 50 percent relative humidity.
			a.  Specific Weight: 87.4 to 99.9 lbs per cu ft (1.4 to 1.6 grams per cu cm).
			b.  Organic Content: Less than 5 percent.
			c.  pH Value at 20 degrees C: 11.
			d.  Gloss at 85 degrees: 2.0 Matte Flat.
			e.  Flashpoint: Non-Flammable.
			f.  Vapor Permeability: 75 to 85 perms.
			g.  Surface Burning Characteristics; ASTM E84-08: 
				1)  Flame Spread Index: 0. Class A. 
				2)  Smoke Developed Index: 0.
			h.  VOC (white or tinted) ASTM D6886: Less than 1 gram per liter.
			i.  Contrast Ratio; Hiding Power per ISO 6504-3: Class 1. Best in class.
			j.  Wet Abrasion Resistance; EN ISO 11998: Class 1. Best in class.
		3.  Environmental Properties:
			a.  EPA: Yes.
			b.  LEED: Yes.
			c.  CARB: Yes.
			d.  SCAQMD: Yes,
			e.  EPD Certified: Yes,
			f.  Nature Plus Certified: Yes.
			g.  UL Greenguard Gold: Yes.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Stated values are based on our experience on smooth surfaces. Surface texture, porosity, application conditions, and type of equipment used will all vary consumption. Only a test application, using desired mixing ratio and under production conditions will forecast consumption of the system components accurately.
		4.  Coverage: 
			a.  Drywall and Wallboard: 300 to 350 sq ft / gal (7.36 to 8.59 sq m / liter).
			b.  Cast or Pre-Cast Concrete: 275 to 325 sq ft / gal (6.75 to 7.98 sq m / liter).
			c.  Brick or Stone Masonry: 175 to 225 sq ft / gal (4.29 to 5.52 sq m / liter).
			d.  Plaster and Stucco: 150 to 200 sq ft / gal (3.68 to 4.91 sq m / liter).
			e.  CMU Block (smooth): 100 to 150 sq ft / gal (2.45 to 3.68 sq m / liter).
		5.  Coating Requirements:
			a.  New Drywall or Wallboard:
				1)  Prime: Interior mineral primer.
				2)  Coats: 1 to 2.
			b.  New CMU Block:
				1)  Prime: 1 coat Contact Plus Block Filler; if desired.
				2)  Coats: 1 to 2.
			c.  Unpainted Masonry, Stone, or Stucco:
				1)  Self-priming.
				2)  Coats: 1 to 2.
			d.  New Plaster:
				1)  Prime: Interior mineral primer.
				2)  Coats: 1 to 2.
			e.  Previously Latex or Acrylic Painted Surfaces:
				1)  Prime: Interior mineral primer.
				2)  Coats: 1 to 2.

2.4  INTERIOR/EXTERIOR NATURAL LIMEWASH FROM EUROPE
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Expressly formulated for use on porous mineral surfaces, both interior and exterior where a breathable, authentic lime finish is desired. Limewash must penetrate the surface to adhere properly. Ideal absorbent surfaces include but are not limited to, brick, stucco, historic masonry, porous stone, lime plasters, mortars, CMU, mineral boards and renders and stucco. New drywall must be primed with mineral based paint prior to application of Limewash. Limewash may also be used to treat bare and raw wood to create a limed effect.

	A.  Basis of Design: Keim Limewash as manufactured by Keim. A classic, old world paint finish with hydrated lime as the binder using mineral pigments. Made with pit lime matured for at least 3 years. The finish is a soft patina and slightly mottled appearance. Extremely vapor permeable allowing masonry walls to breathe. No allergy triggers or negative health implications. Exterior applications require routine re-application as the lime binder weathers away at a rate based on climate severity.
		1.  Product Properties:
			a.  Reversible up to 1 week
			b.  Lime surface is tension-free during dry and cure.
			c.  Non Film Forming: Penetrates and forms chemical bonds with masonry. Will not peel or lose adhesion.
			d.  Incombustible: Class A Building Material.
			e.  Anti-static: Dirt does not cling and washes off naturally with rainfall.
			f.  Lightfast pigments: Colors will not fade.
			g.  Non-yellowing: Lime paint/wash will not yellow with time.
			h.  Vapor Permeable: Allows substrates to breathe naturally.
			i.  Low VOC: Environmentally friendly.
			j.  Non-flammable.
			k.  Weathers naturally and develops a time-worn patina quickly. 
			l.  Durability: Dependent upon local environment and exposure to elements. 
		2.  Technical Data: All test results performed on 2 coats Limewash applied at 275 to 325 sq ft / gal (6.75 to 7.98 sq m / liter) and 14 day cure at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) and 50 percent relative humidity.
			a.  Specific Weight: 87.4 to 99.9 lbs per cu ft (1.4 to 1.6 grams per cu cm).
			b.  pH Value at 68 degrees F (20 degrees C): 11.
			c.  Thermal Expansion: Comparable to the concrete substrate.
			d.  Gloss at 85 degrees: 2.0 Mineral matte flat.
			e.  Flashpoint: Non-Flammable will not burn.
			f.  Vapor Permeability ASTM E96: 75 to 85 perms: 
			g.  VOC (white or tinted) ASTM D6886: Less than 1 gram per liter.
			h.  Surface Burning Characteristics; ASTM E84-08: 
				1)  Flame Spread Index: 0. Class A. 
				2)  Smoke Developed Index: 0.
			i.  Color Stability Color code acc. To BFS Tech. No 26L A1 Best in class rating. No color change after 4 years.
		3.  Environmental Properties:
			a.  EPA: Yes.
			b.  LEED: Yes.
			c.  CARB: Yes.
			d.  SCAQMD: Yes,
		4.  Colors: Prepackaged custom colors. 
			a.  May be matched to color selection within the mineral color range.
			b.  Acquire enough colored Limewash for entire project to ensure color is as consistent as possible. Color and physical properties may be impacted by environmental factors.
				1)  May be variable in color uniformity, from batch to batch and due to: 
					a)  Prevailing atmospheric conditions; humidity.
					b)  Substrate porosity variations. 
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Stated values are based on our experience and will vary in field applications. Coverage is based on texture and porosity of substrate, application methods, equipment, and conditions. Field trials are recommended for large projects to determine actual coverage.
		5.  Substrate Coverage:
			a.  Brick or Stone Masonry: 150 to 200 sq ft / gal (3.68 to 4.91 sq m / liter).
			b.  Fiber Cement Siding: 250 to 300 sq ft / gal (6.13 to 7.36 sq m / liter).
			c.  Portland Stucco: 125 to 175 sq ft / gal (3.07 to 4.29 sq m / liter).
			d.  CMU Block; Smooth: 75 to 100 sq ft / gal (1.84 to 2.45 sq m / liter).
			e.  CMU Block; Split Faced or Fluted: 25 to 75 sq ft / gal.
			f.  Primed Drywall: 250 to 300 sq ft per gal (6.13 to 7.36 sq m / liter).
			g.  Bare Wood: 300 to 400 sq ft per gal (7.36 to 9.82 sq m / liter).

PART 3  EXECUTION

3.1  EXAMINATION

	A.  Do not begin installation until the substrates have been properly constructed and prepared.

	B.  If substrate preparation is the responsibility of another installer, notify Architect in writing of unsatisfactory preparation before proceeding.

3.2  PREPARATION

	A.  Clean surfaces thoroughly prior to installation.

	B.  Prepare surfaces using the methods recommended by the manufacturer for achieving the best result for the substrate under the project conditions.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** The following paragraph is for Innopro, Innostar, and Ecosil. Delete if not required.

	C.  Remove all surface contamination by washing with an appropriate cleaner, rinse thoroughly and allow to dry. Existing peeling or checked paint should be scraped and sanded to a sound surface. Glossy surfaces should be sanded dull. Stains from water, smoke, ink, pencil, grease, etc. should be sealed with the appropriate acrylic primer/sealer. Recognize that any surface preparation short of total removal of the old coating may compromise the service length of product being applied. Protect surfaces not to be painted (glass, natural stone, ceramics, floors, etc.). Any splashes must be cleaned up, with soap and water, before they dry or become permanent.
		1.  Substrate Type:
			a.  Drywall: Fill cracks and holes with patching paste/spackle and sand smooth. Joint compounds must be cured and sanded smooth. Remove all sanding dust.
			b.  New Drywall: Prime with a mineral based paint prior to application of Limewash.
			c.  Masonry, Concrete, Cement, Block: All new surfaces must be cured according to the supplier's recommendations -- usually about 28 days. Remove all form release and curing agents. Rough surfaces can be filled to provide a smooth surface.
			d.  Plaster and Stucco: Bare plaster must be cured and hard. Textured, soft, porous, or powdery plaster should be treated with a solution of 1-part KEIM Fixative and 3 parts water. Repeat until the surface is sound. Allow it to dry overnight. Stucco should be cured for 10 days.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete the following paragraph if not required.

	D.  Limewash Preparation:
		1.  The substrate must be sound, dry, absorbent, clean and free from dust and grease. Loose areas, dirt, oily substances, moss, and algae must be completely removed.
		2.  Existing acrylic paints, which are not soundly adhered but may impair the vapor diffusion, must be removed with paint stripper or by mechanical means if a breathable finish is required.
		3.  Highly absorbent, sanding surfaces:
			a.  Pretreat by saturating surface with KEIM Fixative, diluted in a ratio of 1:3 with clean water, then allow to dry for 12 hours.
		4.  New Render, Plaster and Stucco:
			a.  New render, plaster, or stucco may require treatment after they are fully cured with KEIM Lime Remover to etch and remove sinter layers before painting. Test surface to ensure porosity of water before proceeding with Limewash.

3.3  INSTALLATION

	A.  Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, approved submittals, and in proper relationship with adjacent construction.

	B.  Application of Innopro and Innostar and Ecosil Interior Mineral Paint:
		1.  Mix Innopro completely with a low-speed drill and paddle attachment until homogenous with no streaks of color. Boxing mixed colors maintains color consistency from pail to pail across large surfaces.
		2.  Innopro may be applied by brush, roller, or airless spray.
			a.  Brush: - Use a nylon/polyester brush.
			b.  Roller: Use 3/8 to 3/4 inch (9.5 to 19 mm) nap synthetic roller cover.
			c.  Airless Spray: Pressure: 2000 psi (13.79 Mpa). Tip: 0.025 inches (0.635 mm), minimum.
		3.  First Coat:
			a.  Product may be diluted up to 10 percent with water but is best applied as supplied. Allow to dry 12 hours or overnight before recoating.
		4.  Topcoat:
			a.  Apply Product as supplied. There is no recoat window after the first coat has dried.
			b.  Cutting In: It is best to cut in small areas that can be painted before the cut-in paint dries completely, usually no more than 1 hour. Each layer of mineral paint is high build. Rolling wall paint over dried cut-in paint can lead to flashing. The double layer of paint, and different textures contribute to flashing potential. Rolling into damp cut-in minimizes flashing.
		5.  Touch Up: Use the same batch of paint and method of application for touch-up. For best touch-up results, dampening area immediately around touch-up spot. This will help to avoid a dry "edge" which can be visible in glancing light. Thin paint 10 percent with water and apply as sparingly as possible feathering touched up paint out and away from damaged area. Avoid high build-ups of paint during touch up.
		6.  Drying Times: Drying times are temperature, humidity, and coverage dependent.
			a.  Touch: 2 to 4 hours.
			b.  Recoat: 12 hours or overnight.
		7.  Cleaning: Clean spills, spatters, hands, and tools immediately after use with soap and warm water. After cleaning, flush spray equipment with a compliant cleanup solvent to prevent rusting of the equipment. Tools should be kept in the paint material or in water during work breaks.

	C.  Application Limewash:
		1.  Mixing: 
			a.  Stir Limewash before use with an electric drill and paddle attachment to ensure a homogenous mixture and color or by hand with paint paddle. Dilute Limewash with 50 to 100 percent clean water for most applications. Stir well after each addition of water. Limewash can be further diluted to create a "wash" or stain effect.
		2.  Application: by Brush, Roller, or Airless Spray:
			a.  Brush: Use a nylon/polyester brush. This application method produces the most mottled or tone-on-tone appearance.
			b.  Roller: Use a 1/2 to 3/4 inch (13 to 19 mm) nap synthetic roller cover.
			c.  Airless Spray: This application gives the most uniform finish.
				1)  Pressure: 3000 psi (20.58 Mpa), minimum.
				2)  Tip: 0.031 inches (0.79 mm), minimum.
		3.  Dampen Exterior Masonry:
			a.  Dampen with a garden hose before painting with Limewash.
			b.  Surface should have no puddled or standing water but be uniformly damp, but not soaked or saturated.
		4.  Opaque Paint Finish:
			a.  Typically applied in multiple coats which are needed to develop the unique patina. Application techniques so impact the final appearance of the finish. It is not typically desired to apply Limewash in a smooth and uniform manner, but rather, using random painting technique that results in an imperfect finish. This will add to the "patina" that is often desired from lime finishes.
			b.  Applying the first coat by spray, brush or roller can ensure faster and full coverage. Be sure to work the first coat of Limewash into the surface to ensure proper penetration of rough and textured surfaces. 
				1)  For best results outdoors, dilute Limewash with water up to 50 percent. More dilution, up to 100 percent of additional coats, will add to patina effect.
			c.  Subsequent coats can be applied using any application equipment or methods and should be matched to the aesthetic outcome desired. Limewash is an "artistic" type of finish with end results dramatically affected by the equipment and methods employed.
			d.  For the finish coat it is important to maintain a wet edge working swiftly across the facade and avoiding lap marks. Do not stop mid-wall and always paint to a natural stopping point at panel edges, corners or other architectural features that break up the facade.
			e.  A drying time of 12 hours between coats is recommended.
		5.  Limewash Translucent Finish:
			a.  To achieve a more uniform washed effect, Limewash may be further diluted with water, up to create a more transparent stain-like finish. Field trials will determine the ultimate dilution ratio, number of layers needed and application equipment and techniques to impart the desired washed effect. Multiple colors of Limewash may also be blended together, wet-on-wet on the surface in a color washing technique as desired.
		6.  Distressed or Wash Away Finish:
			a.  Apply the first coat of Limewash as prescribed in the Opaque Finish previously. Once the first coat is dry to touch, or after about 1 hour under normal drying conditions, apply a second layer. At this point, the surface will be completely covered. Allow the second coat to begin drying and immediately distress or wash-away the finish as desired. You may use a garden hose with sprayer nozzle, power washer with low pressure and wide fan nozzle, wet towels, rags, or wet plastic bristle brush to distress the finish. Remove as much, or as little, of the Limewash as desired. Plan the distressed areas to follow natural water flow on the facade to emulate a natural "aged and weathered" appearance (i.e., distress more around downspouts, corners, at windowsills, etc.). If more Limewash is removed than desired, allow surface to dry and reapply as desired. be applied to emulate the antiqued or distressed lime finishes of old Europe on new or renovation projects, especially on brick and stone masonry.
		7.  Limewashed Interior Wood:
			a.  Diluted Limewash may be used on bare, untreated wood like typical wood stains. Thin Limewash to desired opacity with water and apply to sanded wood surfaces that are bare and porous. Open grained woods are best for this type of application. Allow Limewash to begin drying, then wipe back excess with clean or damp cloth. This wiping process highlights the natural wood grain. Allow to dry overnight. Lightly sand and proceed with finish of water base poly or Keim Clear Matte Flat finish for a dead-flat finish.
		8.  Drying Times:
			a.  Drying times are temperature, humidity, and coverage dependent.
				1)  At 40 to 50 degrees F (4.4 to 10 degrees C):
					a)  Touch Up: 4 to 6 hours.
					b)  Recoat: 24 to 48 hours.
				2)  At 50 degrees F (10 degrees C) or Higher:
					a)  Touch Up: 2 to 4 hours.
					b)  Recoat: 12 to 24 hours.

3.4  FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

	A.  Field Inspection: Coordinate field inspection in accordance with appropriate sections in Division 01.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Include if manufacturer provides field quality control with onsite personnel for instruction or supervision of product installation, application, erection, or construction. Delete if not required.

	B.  Manufacturer's Services: Coordinate manufacturer's services in accordance with appropriate sections in Division 01.

3.5  CLEANING AND PROTECTION

	A.  Clean products in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.

	B.  Touch-up, repair or replace damaged products before Substantial Completion.

			END OF SECTION