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	SECTION 09980
	COATINGS FOR CONCRETE AND MASONRY
	Copyright 2013 ARCAT, Inc. - All rights reserved
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** PPG Architectural Finishes Inc. - Pittsburgh Paints; coatings for concrete and masonry. . This section is based on the products of PPG Architectural Finishes Inc. - Pittsburgh Paints, which is located at:
	One PPG Place Pittsburgh, PA 15272 Tel: (888) PPG-IDEA Fax: (888) 434-3127 Email: ppgspec@ppg.com Web: www.ppgideascapes.com [ Click Here ] for additional information.
	Pittsburgh Paints are from PPG Industries, Inc. - a global leader in coatings technology and leading supplier to the building products industry. With over 100 years experience, and R&D capabilities second to none, you can be sure we're bringing you the latest product advancements. This Section includes commercial-quality and masonry coating coatings for interior and exterior applications on concrete and masonry substrates. Advanced Color Systems Voice of Color: With over 1800 hues, Pittsburgh Paints' The Voice of Color® Design Collection is a fully integrated color system featuring innovative tools that help make color selection easier. The Voice of Color Design Collection is a complete color support solution for architects, interior designers, and contractors. Industrial Maintenance Finishes: PerformaColor High Performance Color Matching and Tinting System ensures accurate color matches in a complete range of industrial products, including epoxies and acrylic urethanes. Innovative tint bases and colorants are combined with sophisticated software, making it possible to match and tint colors quickly and easily.
	PART 1	GENERAL
	1.1	SECTION INCLUDES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete items below not required for project.
		A.	Painting of tilt-up concrete surfaces, including surface preparation.
		B.	Painting of cementitious stucco surfaces, including surface preparation.
		C.	Painting of concrete masonry unit surfaces, including surface preparation.
		D.	Painting of brick surfaces, including surface preparation.
	1.2	RELATED SECTIONS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete sections below not relevant to this project; add others as required.
		A.	Section 03300 - Concrete: Surface coordination and curing provisions.
		B.	Section 03470 - Tilt-up Precast Concrete: Surface coordination and curing provisions.
		C.	Section 04210 - Clay Masonry Units: Surface coordination and curing provisions.
		D.	Section 04220 - Concrete Masonry Units: Surface coordination and curing provisions.
		E.	Section 09220 - Portland Cement Plaster: Surface coordination and curing provisions.
	1.3	REFERENCES
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete references from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited section.
		A.	American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus.
		B.	American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D16 - Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications.
		C.	American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D822 - Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings.
		D.	Fed. Spec. TT-C-555-B - Wind Driven Rain Performance Test.
	1.4	DEFINITIONS
		A.	General: Standard coating terms defined in ASTM D16.
			1.	Flat refers to a lusterless or matte finish with a gloss range below 15 when measured at an 85-degree meter.
			2.	Eggshell refers to low-sheen finish with a gloss range between 20 and 35 when measured at a 60-degree meter.
			3.	Semigloss refers to medium-sheen finish with a gloss range between 35 and 70 when measured at a 60-degree meter.
			4.	Full gloss refers to high-sheen finish with a gloss range more than 70 when measured at a 60-degree meter.
		B.	Environments: The following terms distinguish between different corrosive exposures:
			1.	"Severe environments" are highly corrosive industrial atmospheres with sustained exposure to high humidity and condensation and with frequent cleaning using strong chemicals. Environments with heavy concentrations of strong chemical fumes and frequent splashing and spilling of harsh chemical products are severe environments.
			2.	"Moderate environments" are corrosive industrial atmospheres with intermittent exposure to high humidity and condensation, occasional mold and mildew development, and regular cleaning with strong chemicals. Environments with exposure to heavy concentrations of chemical fumes and occasional splashing and spilling of chemical products are moderate environments.
			3.	"Mild environments" are industrial atmospheres with normal exposure to moderate humidity and condensation, occasional mold and mildew development, and infrequent cleaning with strong chemicals. Environments with low levels of mild chemical fumes and occasional splashing and spilling of chemical products are mild environments. Normal outdoor weathering is also considered a mild environment.
	1.5	SUBMITTALS
		A.	Submit under provisions of Section 01300.
		B.	Product Data: For each paint system indicated, including:
			1.	Material List: An inclusive list of required coating materials. Indicate each material and cross-reference specific coating, finish system, and application. Identify each material by manufacturer's catalog number and general classification.
			2.	Preparation instructions and recommendations.
			3.	Manufacturer's Information: Manufacturer's technical information, including label analysis and instructions for handling, storing, and applying each coating material.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete selection samples if colors have already been selected.
		C.	Selection Samples: For each finish product specified, two complete sets of color chips representing manufacturer's full range of available colors and patterns.
		D.	Verification Samples: For each finish product specified, two samples, minimum size 6 inches (150 mm) square, representing actual product, color, and patterns.
	1.6	QUALITY ASSURANCE
		A.	Installer Qualifications: A firm or individual experienced in applying paints and coatings similar in material, design, and extent to those indicated for this Project, whose work has resulted in applications with a record of successful in-service performance.
		B.	Manufacturer Qualifications: A firm with minimum 10 years successful experience with coatings specified in this Section. Obtain block fillers and primers for each coating system from the same manufacturer as the finish coats.
		C.	Surfaces to be Painted: Paint exposed surfaces. If an item or a surface is not specifically mentioned, paint the item or surface the same as similar adjacent materials or surfaces. If a color or finish is not indicated, Architect will select from colors and finishes available. Do not paint prefinished items, concealed surfaces, finished metal surfaces, operating parts, and labels.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Include a mock-up if the project size and/or quality warrant taking such a precaution. The following is one example of how a mock-up on a large project might be specified. When deciding on the extent of the mock-up, consider all the major different types of work on the project.
		D.	Mock-Up: Provide a mock-up for evaluation of surface preparation techniques and application workmanship.
			1.	Finish areas designated by Architect.
			2.	Do not proceed with remaining work until workmanship, color, and sheen are approved by Architect.
			3.	Refinish mock-up area as required to produce acceptable work.
	1.7	DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
		A.	Deliver materials to Project site in manufacturer's original, unopened packages and containers bearing manufacturer's name and label:
		B.	Store materials not in use in tightly covered containers in a well-ventilated area at a minimum ambient temperature of 45 deg F (7 deg C). Maintain storage containers in a clean condition, free of foreign materials and residue.
	1.8	PROJECT CONDITIONS
		A.	Maintain environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and ventilation) within limits recommended by manufacturer for optimum results. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside manufacturer's absolute limits.
		B.	Unless indicated otherwise apply waterborne paints only when temperatures of surfaces to be painted and surrounding air are between 50 and 90 deg F (10 and 32 deg C).
		C.	Unless indicated otherwise apply solvent-thinned paints only when temperatures of surfaces to be painted and surrounding air are between 45 and 95 deg F (7 and 35 deg C).
		D.	Do not apply paint in snow, rain, fog, or mist; or when relative humidity exceeds 85 percent; or at temperatures less than 5 deg F (3 deg C) above the dew point; or to damp or wet surfaces.
			1.	Painting may continue during inclement weather if surfaces and areas to be painted are enclosed and heated within temperature limits specified by manufacturer during application and drying periods.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Extra materials may not be allowed for publicly funded projects. Delete if not required.
	1.9	EXTRA MATERIALS
		A.	Furnish extra paint materials from the same production run as the materials applied and in the quantities described below. Package with protective covering for storage and identify with labels describing contents. Deliver extra materials to Owner.
		B.	Furnish Owner with an additional one percent, but not less than 1 gal (3.8 l) or 1 case, as appropriate, of each material and color applied.
	PART 2	PRODUCTS
	2.1	MANUFACTURERS
		A.	Acceptable Manufacturer: PPG Architectural Finishes, Inc. - Pittsburgh Paints, which is located at: One PPG Place ; Pittsburgh, PA 15272; Toll Free Tel: 888-PPG-IDEA; Fax: 888-434-3127; Email: request info; Web: www.ppgideascapes.com
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs; coordinate with requirements of Division 1 section on product options and substitutions.
		B.	Substitutions: Not permitted.
		C.	Requests for substitutions will be considered in accordance with provisions of Section 01600.
	2.2	PAINT MATERIALS - GENERAL
		A.	Material Compatibility: Provide block fillers, primers, and finish-coat materials that are compatible with one another and with the substrates indicated under conditions of service and application, as demonstrated by manufacturer based on testing and field experience.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Revise VOC rating to suit local regulations or Owner's requirements. Delete if not required.
		B.	VOC Classification: Provide masonry coating materials, including primers, undercoats, and finish-coat materials, that have a VOC classification meeting AIM standards.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Paint system requirement for waterproofing paint systems. Refer to specifier notes for applicable products and systems. Delete if not required.
		C.	Performance: Paint system shall provide wind driven rain resistance meeting Wind Driven Rain test Fed. Spec. TT-C-555-B.
		D.	Color: Refer to Finish Schedule and Paint Legend for paint colors.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select primers by material and surface condition. Delete primers not required.
	2.3	PRIMERS/SEALERS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select for new and aged concrete with high alkalinity. Delete if not required.
		A.	Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete High Build Acrylic Primer 4-2.
			1.	100 percent acrylic latex.
			2.	Low temperature application.
			3.	Mildew resistant on the dry paint film.
			4.	Sheen: Flat.
			5.	Volume Solids: 40 percent.
			6.	VOC: 0.82 lb/gal.
			7.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 2.6 mils to 3.2 mils (0.07 mm to 0.08 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select for new and aged concrete where alkalinity or as a sealer for efflorescence and stain treatment. Delete if not required.
		B.	Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Alkali Resistant Primer 4-603.
			1.	100 percent acrylic latex.
			2.	Low temperature application.
			3.	Sheen: Non-Flat (>5).
			4.	Volume Solids: 37 percent.
			5.	VOC: 0.82 lb/gal.
			6.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 1.2 mils to 1.5 mils (0.03 mm to 0.038 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Clear acrylic sealer. Select for chalky residue surfaces on existing painted surfaces. Delete if not required.
		C.	Surface Binder Primer:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete type not required.
			1.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Clear Acrylic Masonry Surface Sealer 4-808.
			2.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Pigmented Acrylic Masonry Surface Sealer 4-809.
			3.	Waterborne 100 percent penetrating acrylic sealer.
			4.	Sheen: Satin.
			5.	Volume Solids: 17 percent.
			6.	VOC: 1.9 lb/gal.
			7.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 0.7 mils to 1.3 mils (0.02 mm to 0.03 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** 100% acrylic low temperature surfacer and block filler for typical use with PPG 4-2 primer and 4-22 topcoat. Compatible with latex, oil, waterborne epoxy and weak solvent epoxy topcoats. Delete if not required.
		D.	Block Surfacer/Filler: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete LTC (low temperature cure) Block Surfacer 4-100:
			1.	Product Type: 100 percent acrylic.
			2.	Low temperature application.
			3.	Sheen: Flat.
			4.	Volume Solids: 58 percent.
			5.	VOC: 0.50 lb/gal.
			6.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 9.3 mils to 11.6 mils (0.23 mm to 0.3 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Stucco and masonry surfaces as an upgrade to conventional exterior masonry paint systems. Delete if not required.
	2.4	ACRYLIC COATINGS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Excellent for bridging hairline cracks. Passes TT-C 555-B Wind Driven Rain Test when applied in 2 coats at 5 mils each (10 mils DFT). 4-22 - White. 4-30 - Deeptone base. Delete if not required.
		A.	Topcoat: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete High Build 100% Acrylic Topcoat Coating 4-22/30.
			1.	Product Type: 100 percent acrylic.
			2.	Low temperature application.
			3.	Sheen: Flat.
			4.	Volume Solids: 45 percent.
			5.	VOC: 0.82 lb/gal.
			6.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 3.2 mils to 4.8 mils (19 mm to 23 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Excellent for bridging hairline cracks. Self priming.
		B.	Topcoat: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Exterior Solvent Masonry Coating 4-9110.
			1.	Product Type: Solvent acrylic.
			2.	Low temperature application (> 20 degrees F).
			3.	Sheen: Flat.
			4.	Volume Solids: 53 percent.
			5.	VOC: 3.3 lb/gal.
			6.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 8.5 mils per coat (0.2 mm).
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Excellent for concrete and precast concrete structures. Water repellant only, not designed to waterproof concrete block or porous substrates. 4-5110 - White and Pastel Base. 4-5130 - Deep Base. 4-5140 - Ultra Deep Base. Delete if not required.
		C.	Stain: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Vertical Concrete Stain VCS 4-5100 Series.
			1.	Product Type: 100 percent acrylic.
			2.	Low temperature application.
			3.	Sheen: Flat.
			4.	Volume Solids: 39 percent.
			5.	VOC: .71 lb/gal.
			6.	Salt Spray: No yellowing at 500 hours per ASTM B-117.
			7.	Weathering: Passes at 3000 hours per ASTM D-822.
			8.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 2 coats to achieve uniform appearance.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Provide at stucco and masonry surfaces as an upgrade to conventional exterior masonry paint systems. Delete if not required.
	2.5	ELASTOMERIC COATINGS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Excellent for bridging hairline cracks. Resists mildew on the dry paint surface. Passes TT-C 555-B Wind Driven Rain Test when applied at 2 coats of 6.5 mils each (13 mils DFT) or as topcoat to 3 coat system. Delete if not required.
		A.	Topcoat: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Pitt-Flex Elastomeric Coating
			1.	Product: Waterborne 100 percent penetrating acrylic sealer.
			2.	Sheen: Flat.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete texture not required.
			3.	Smooth: 4-110.
				a.	Volume Solids: 45 percent.
				b.	VOC: 0.82 lb/gal.
				c.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 5.4 mils to 7.2 mils.
			4.	Textured: 4-210.
				a.	Volume Solids: 56 percent.
				b.	VOC: 0.73 lb/gal.
				c.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 6.2 mils to 9.0 mils.
			5.	Smooth Flat Sheen: Matte-Flex 4-310.
				a.	Volume Solids: 36 percent.
				b.	VOC: 0.79 lb/gal.
				c.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 4.3 mils to 5.8 mils.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Decorative, stain resistant and durable exterior topcoat. Delete if not required.
	2.6	ACRYLIC TEXTURE COATINGS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Passes TT-C 555-B Wind Driven Rain Test when applied in 3 coat system (4-50 and 4-60 only).Delete if not required.
		A.	Topcoat: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Texture Coating 4-50/60/70.
			1.	Product Type: 100 percent acrylic.
			2.	Sheen: Flat.
			3.	Volume Solids: 58 percent.
			4.	VOC: 0.47 lb/gal.
			5.	Recommended Dry Film Thickness: 6.8 mils to 9.3 mils.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete texture not required.
			6.	Fine Texture: 4-50.
			7.	Medium Texture: 4-60.
			8.	Course Texture: Matte-Flex 4-70.
	2.7	SURFACE PREPARATION MATERIALS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Patching compounds for existing surfaces needing fissure and crack repair. Delete if not required.
		A.	Patching Compounds:
			1.	Knife Grade Compounds:
				a.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete 4-1000 Textured.
				b.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete 4-1002 Smooth.
			2.	Brush Grade Compounds:
				a.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete 4-1001 Smooth.
				b.	Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete 4-1003 Textured.
		B.	Caulking Compounds/Sealants:
			1.	Pittsburgh Paints Top Gun 300- White Elastomeric.
			2.	Pittsburgh Paints Top Gun 200- White Siliconized Acrylic.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Mildew remover for existing surfaces needing a mildew wash. Delete if not required.
		C.	Mildew Remover: Pittsburgh Paints Mildew Check Multi Purpose Wash 18-1.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate with products selected. Delete if not required.
	2.8	HIGH BUILD PAINT SYSTEMS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete if not required.
		A.	Precast, Stucco, Concrete Block, and Brick Masonry: Provide the following finish systems over exterior concrete, stucco, concrete block and brick masonry substrates:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Requires primer and topcoat. Delete block filler if not required.
			1.	Block Surfacer/Filler: Pittsburgh Paints 4-100.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the two following primers.
			2.	Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints 4-2.
			3.	Surface Binder Primer (Chalky Surfaces): Pittsburgh Paints: 4-808/809.
			4.	Acrylic Finish: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete High Build Acrylic Topcoat 4-22.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete additional coat for waterproofing if not required.
				a.	2 coats to achieve Wind Driven Rain test performance.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Excellent for bridging hairline cracks. Self priming.
		B.	Precast, Stucco, Concrete Block, and Brick Masonry: Provide the following finish systems over exterior concrete, stucco, concrete block and brick masonry substrates:
			1.	Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Exterior Solvent Masonry Coating 4-9110.
			2.	Topcoat: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Exterior Solvent Masonry Coating 4-9110.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate with products selected. Delete if not required.
	2.9	ELASTOMERIC PAINT SYSTEMS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete if not required.
		A.	Precast, Stucco, Concrete Block, and Brick Masonry: Provide the following finish systems over exterior concrete, stucco, concrete block and brick masonry substrates:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Typically for masonry units. Requires primer and topcoat. Delete block filler if not required. Delete systems/substrates not required.
			1.	Block Surfacer/Filler (Porous Surfaces): Pittsburgh Paints 4-100.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete two of the following three primers.
			2.	High Build, Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete High Build 100% Acrylic Primer 4-2.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Typically for chalky surfaces.
			3.	Surface Binder/Primer (chalky surfaces): Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Acrylic Masonry Surface Sealer 4-808/4-809.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Typically for previously painted surfaces and for primer on tilt-up concrete.
			4.	Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Alkali Resistant Primer 4-603.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete two of the following three finish coats.
			5.	Smooth Elastomeric Finish: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Pitt-Flex Elastomeric Coating 4-110.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete additional coat for waterproofing if not required.
				a.	2 coats to achieve Wind Driven Rain test performance.
			6.	Textured Elastomeric Finish: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Pitt-Flex Elastomeric Coating 4-210.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete additional coat for waterproofing if not required.
				a.	2 coats to achieve Wind Driven Rain test performance.
			7.	Smooth Flat Finish: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Matte-Flex Elastomeric Coating 4-310.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete additional coat for waterproofing if not required.
				a.	2 coats to achieve Wind Driven Rain test performance.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate with products selected. Delete if not required.
	2.10	ACRYLIC TEXTURE PAINT SYSTEMS
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Can also be applied over primed substrates of aluminum, ferrous metals and galvanized steel. Refer to manufacturer's literature for primers not specified in this specifications. Delete if not required.
		A.	Precast, Stucco, Concrete Block, and Brick Masonry: Provide the following finish systems over exterior concrete, stucco, concrete block and brick masonry substrates:
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Requires primer and topcoat. Delete block filler if not required.
			1.	Block Surfacer/Filler (porous surfaces): Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete LC Concrete Block and Masonry Surface/Filler 4-100.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete two of the following three primers.
			2.	High Build, Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints High Build 100% Acrylic Primer 4-2.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Typically for chalky surfaces.
			3.	Surface Binder/Primer (chalky surfaces): Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Acrylic Masonry Surface Sealer 4-808/4-809.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Typically for previously painted surfaces.
			4.	Alkali Resistant Primer: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Alkali Resistant Primer 4-603.
			5.	Textured Finish: Perma-Crete 100% Acrylic Texture Coatings, 4-50 - Fine Texture, 4-60 - Medium Texture, 4-70 Coarse Texture.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate with products selected. Delete if not required.
	2.11	ACRYLIC CONCRETE STAIN SYSTEMS
		A.	Precast, Stucco, Concrete Block, and Brick Masonry: Provide the following finish systems over exterior concrete, stucco, concrete block and brick masonry substrates:
			1.	Primer; None required.
			2.	Stain: Pittsburgh Paints Perma-Crete Vertical Concrete Stain VCS 4-5100 Series.
			3.	Coats: Provide 2 coat application at DFT recommended by manufacturer.
	PART 3	EXECUTION
	3.1	EXAMINATION
		A.	Do not begin installation until substrates have been properly prepared.
		B.	If substrate preparation is the responsibility of another installer, notify Architect of unsatisfactory preparation before proceeding.
		C.	Coordination of Work: Review other Sections in which primers are provided to ensure compatibility of the total system for various substrates. On request, furnish information on characteristics of finish materials to ensure use of compatible primers.
			1.	Notify Architect of anticipated problems when using the materials specified over substrates primed by others.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate primers specified in other Sections with undercoats and finish coats specified in this Section to ensure compatibility of materials. Some masonry coating coatings will lift incompatible primers or have poor adhesion when applied over zinc-based or baked primers. Delete if not required. Delete if not required.
			2.	If a potential incompatibility of primers applied by others exists, obtain the following from the primer Applicator before proceeding:
				a.	Confirmation of primer's suitability for expected service conditions.
				b.	Confirmation of primer's ability to be top coated with materials specified.
	3.2	PREPARATION
		A.	General: Remove lighting fixtures, and similar items already installed that are not to be painted. If removal is impractical or impossible because of size or weight of the item, provide surface-applied protection before surface preparation and painting.
			1.	After completing painting operations in each space or area, reinstall items removed using workers skilled in the trades involved.
		B.	Cleaning: Before applying paint or other surface treatments, clean substrates of substances that could impair bond of the various coatings. Remove oil and grease before cleaning.
			1.	Schedule cleaning and painting so dust and other contaminants from the cleaning process will not foul surrounding area and surfaces.
		C.	Surface Preparation: Clean and prepare surfaces to be painted according to manufacturer's written instructions for each particular substrate condition and as specified.
			1.	Clean all surfaces of dirt, grease, form oil and wax. Remove loose or chalky deposits, parting membranes and efflorescence. Point cracks, voids and surface fissures.
			2.	Point cracks, fissures and cold joints and non-working joints with patching compound specified. Install per manufacturer instructions.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordination of shop-applied prime coats with masonry coating coatings is critical. If compatibility problems exist, it may be necessary to provide barrier coats over primers or to remove primer and reprime substrate. Delete provision not required.
			3.	Provide barrier coats over incompatible primers or remove and reprime.
			4.	Provide barrier coats over incompatible primers or remove primers and reprime substrate.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete subparagraph and associated subparagraphs below if cementitious surfaces are not to be coated, or revise to suit Project.
		D.	Cementitious Substrates: Prepare concrete, brick, concrete masonry block, and cement plaster surfaces to be coated. Remove efflorescence, chalk, dust, dirt, grease, oils, and release agents. Roughen as required to remove glaze. If hardeners or sealers have been used to improve curing, use mechanical methods to prepare surfaces.
			1.	Use abrasive blast-cleaning methods if recommended by coating manufacturer.
			2.	Determine alkalinity and moisture content of surfaces by performing appropriate tests. If surfaces are sufficiently alkaline to cause the finish paint to blister and burn, correct this condition before application.
			3.	Do not coat surfaces if moisture content exceeds that permitted in manufacturer's written instructions.
		E.	Material Preparation: Carefully mix and prepare coating materials according to manufacturer's written instructions.
			1.	Maintain containers used in mixing and applying coatings in a clean condition, free of foreign materials and residue.
			2.	Stir materials before applying to produce a mixture of uniform density. Stir as required during application. Do not stir surface film into the material. Remove film and, if necessary, strain coating material before using.
			3.	Use only the type of thinners approved by manufacturer and only within recommended limits.
	** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** If tinting is not required, delete below. Different tints will show through as topcoat erodes.
			4.	Tinting: Tint each undercoat a lighter shade to simplify identification of each coat when multiple coats of same material are applied. Tint undercoats to match the color of the finish coat, but provide sufficient differences in shade of undercoats to distinguish each separate coat.
	3.3	APPLICATION
		A.	General: Apply masonry coatings according to manufacturer's written instructions.
			1.	Use applicators and techniques best suited for the material being applied.
			2.	Do not apply masonry coating coatings over dirt, rust, scale, grease, moisture, scuffed surfaces, or conditions detrimental to forming a durable coating film.
			3.	Coating surface treatments, and finishes are indicated in the coating system descriptions.
			4.	Provide finish coats compatible with primers used.
			5.	Extend coatings in these areas, as required, to maintain system integrity and provide desired protection.
		B.	Application Procedures: Apply coatings by brush, roller, spray, or other applicators according to manufacturer's written instructions.
			1.	Apply one coat per manufacturer's recommended DFT of each product in the system scheduled unless otherwise noted.
			2.	The number of coats and film thickness required is the same regardless of application method.
			3.	Completed Work: Match approved Samples for color, texture, and coverage. Remove, refinish, or recoat work that does not comply with specified requirements.
	3.4	FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
		A.	Owner reserves the right to invoke the following test procedure at any time and as often as Owner deems necessary during the period when paint is being applied:
			1.	Owner will engage a qualified independent testing agency to sample paint material being used. Samples of material delivered to Project will be taken, identified, sealed, and certified in the presence of Contractor.
			2.	Owner may direct Contractor to stop painting if test results show material being used does not comply with specified requirements. Contractor shall remove non-complying paint from Project site, pay for testing, and repaint surfaces previously coated with the non-complying paint. If necessary, Contractor may be required to remove non-complying paint from previously painted surfaces if, on repainting with specified paint, the two coatings are incompatible.
	3.5	CLEANING
		A.	After completing painting, clean glass and paint-spattered surfaces. Remove spattered paint by washing and scraping without scratching or damaging adjacent finished surfaces.
	3.6	PROTECTION
		A.	Protect work of other trades, whether being painted or not, against damage from painting. Correct damage by cleaning, repairing or replacing, and repainting, as approved by Architect.
		B.	Provide "Wet Paint" signs to protect newly painted finishes. After completing painting operations, remove temporary protective wrappings provided by others to protect their work.
		C.	After work of other trades is complete, touch up and restore damaged or defaced painted surfaces.
	END OF SECTION