SECTION 08 88 49
RADIATION-RESISTANT GLAZING
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Lead Glass Pro; Lead Radiation Protection: Manufacturer of lead radiation protection products including lead-lined windows, frames and doors, and more.
This section is based on the products of Lead Glass Pro, which is located at:
1968 S Coast Hwy
Laguna Beach, CA 92651-3681
Toll Free Tel: 800-506-9972
Email: request info (sales@leadglasspro.com)
Web: https://leadglasspro.com
[ Click Here ] for additional information.
At Lead Glass Pro, we understand the critical importance of shielding yourself and others from harmful radiation. Whether you work in healthcare, research, or industrial settings, we offer a comprehensive range of high-quality radiation protection products to ensure your safety and compliance with federal regulations.
We are committed to providing our customers with the highest quality radiation products available. All of our protective shielding products are manufactured in the USA using the highest quality materials and workmanship. From initial design to fabrication, our expert team are here to assist you with the right protective products for your specific needs.
If you are looking for high-quality radiation shielding products, contact Lead Glass Pro today.
We have supplied thousands of radiation shielding products to organizations across the USA, including hospitals, dental practices and industrial settings. Our customers are always thrilled at the speed and accuracy in which we are able to fulfil their orders.
GENERAL
SECTION INCLUDES
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete items below not required for project.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Lead Glass.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Lead Laminated Glass.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Lead Safety Glass.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Fire-Rated Insulated Glass Units.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Insulated Lead Glass Units with Integral Mini Blinds.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Switchable Privacy Smart-Glass.
Radiation Shielding Nuclear Lead Glass.
Accessories: Required for a complete radiation shielding glazing installation.
RELATED SECTIONS
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete any sections below not relevant to this project; add others as required.
Section 08 11 00 - Metal Doors and Frames.
Section 08 11 13 - Hollow Metal Doors and Frames.
Section 08 14 00 - Wood Doors.
Section 08 34 49 - Radiation Shielding Doors and Frames.
Section 08 56 00 - Special Function Windows.
Section 08 56 49 - Radiation Shielding Windows.
Section 08 80 00 - Glazing.
Section 08 86 00 - Security Glazing.
Section 08 87 00 - Fire-Resistance-Rated Glazing.
Section 08 88 13 - Fire-Rated Glazing.
Section 09 21 16 - Gypsum Board Assemblies.
Section 09 29 00 - Gypsum Board.
Section 13 49 00 - Radiation Protection.
Division 26 - Electrical: Low-voltage power supply, wiring, and switching controls for radiation shielding switchable privacy glazing specified in this section.
REFERENCES
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete references from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited section.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI):
ANSI Z97.1-2015 (R2020) - American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings - Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test.
ASTM International (ASTM):
ASTM C1036-25 - Standard Specification for Flat Glass.
ASTM C1048-25 - Standard Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass.
ASTM C1172-24e1 - Standard Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass.
ASTM C1503-24 - Standard Specification for Silvered Flat Glass Mirror.
California State Fire Marshal (CSFM):
CSFM 43.7.
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC):
16 CFR Part 1201, Category 1 and Category II - Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials.
International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP): Current applicable reports on shielding requirements and lead equivalency.
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP):
NCRP Report No. 49 - Structural Shielding Design and Evaluation for Medical Use of X-Rays and Gamma Rays of Energies Up to 10 MeV.
NCRP Report No. 147 - Structural Shielding Design for Medical X-Ray Imaging Facilities.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
NFPA 80 - Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives.
NFPA 252 - Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies.
NFPA 257 - Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block Assemblies.
Underwriters Laboratories (UL):
UL 9 - Fire Tests of Window Assemblies.
UL 10B - Fire Tests of Door Assemblies.
UL 10C - Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Door Assemblies.
UL 752 - Bullet-Resisting Equipment.
Underwriters Laboratories of Canada (ULC):
CAN/ULC S-104 - Standard Method for Fire Tests of Door Assemblies.
CAN/ULC S-106 - Standard Method for Fire Tests of Window and Glass Block Assemblies.
Comply with local radiation safety regulations and requirements of authorities having jurisdiction where more stringent than references listed above.
DEFINITIONS
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete definitions from the list below that are not actually required by the text of the edited section.
Fire-Rated IGU: Insulated glass unit tested and labeled to resist fire exposure for a specified duration, incorporating fire-rated glass on the fire-exposure side.
Insulated Glass Unit (IGU): Factory-sealed glazing assembly consisting of two or more glass panes separated by a spacer and hermetically sealed to form a single unit.
Integral Mini Blind IGU: Insulated glass unit incorporating factory-sealed venetian blinds between glass panes, allowing light and privacy control without external blind exposure.
kVp: Kilovolt peak; Maximum voltage applied across an X-ray tube, used as reference energy level for determining lead equivalency requirements.
Laminated Glass: Safety glazing product consisting of two or more glass panes bonded together with one or more interlayers of polyvinyl butyral or other approved interlayer material.
Lead Equivalency: Thickness of pure lead, in millimeters, that provides radiation attenuation equivalent to that of the glass product at a specified energy level, typically expressed as millimeter lead equivalency at 150 kVp.
Light Control Glass (LCG): Laminated architectural glass that alters its optical properties. An electrochromic layer is the active chemical component that allows glass to dynamically darken or tint to manage solar heat gain, glare, and light transmission.
Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC): Technology in which polymer-dispersed liquid crystals align under applied voltage to transition between opaque and transparent states.
Radiation Shielding Report: Project-specific shielding report prepared by a qualified health or medical physicist, indicating required lead equivalence, shielding configuration, and related radiation protection requirements.
ACTION SUBMITTALS
Comply with provisions of Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures.
Product Data: For each radiation shielding glazing product type specified. Include the following:
Manufacturer's product data sheets including product composition, physical dimensions, lead equivalency at specified kVp, light transmission percentage, and weight per square foot.
Applicable compliance certifications and test reports demonstrating conformance with referenced standards.
Available standard sizes and custom fabrication capabilities.
For fire-rated IGUs: Fire rating classification, maximum tested size, and UL listing documentation.
Shop Drawings: Include unit sizes, lead equivalency, framing conditions, setting details, and edge clearances for each glazing installation.
Samples: One (1) sample of each radiation shielding glass type, minimum 6 x 6 inches (152.4 x 152.4 mm), showing glass color, transparency, and surface quality.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete item below if not required for project.
For Radiation Shielding X-Ray Switchable Privacy Smart-Glass: Include wiring diagrams, low-voltage power supply specifications, switch and control device data, and commissioning procedures for switching function verification.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete item below if not required for project.
Radiation Shielding X-Ray Switchable Privacy Smart-Glass: Include wiring diagrams and low-voltage power supply requirements.
INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS
Comply with provisions of Section 01 33 00 - Submittal Procedures.
Installation Instructions: Manufacturer's published installation requirements, including edge clearances, frame bite dimensions, and sealant requirements.
Manufacturer's Certificate of Compliance: Certification that glass products meet or exceed the lead equivalency specified and comply with each referenced standards.
Radiation Physicist's Report: Written determination of required lead equivalency for each glazed opening, prepared by a licensed radiation physicist or qualified radiation protection expert retained by the Owner.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Manufacturer Qualifications: Company specializing in manufacturing products specified in this section with a minimum of five (5) years documented experience for comparable products.
Installer Qualifications: Company specializing in performing Work of this section with minimum two (2) years documented experience with projects of similar scope and complexity.
Regulatory Requirements: Comply with applicable federal, state, and local regulations governing radiation shielding in the occupancy type and facility classification of the Project. Contact the applicable State Radiation Control Program or local authority having jurisdiction to confirm shielding requirements.
Radiation Shielding Determinations: Obtain written determination of required lead equivalency for each glazed opening from a licensed radiation physicist retained by the Owner prior to glazing procurement. Submit physicist's report as an informational submittal.
Coordination: Coordinate glass type, lead equivalence, thickness, frame depth, glazing stops, and clearances before fabrication.
Source Limitations: Furnish each type of product from a single manufacturing source to ensure uniformity.
PRE-INSTALLATION CONFERENCE
Convene a conference approximately two weeks before scheduled commencement of Work. Attendees include Architect, Contractor and trades involved. Agenda to include schedule, responsibilities, critical path items, and approvals.
Review installation procedures, radiation shielding continuity requirements, frame conditions, and quality control requirements.
DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Ship to commercial addresses only. Deliver to facilities with adequate unloading equipment.
Deliver glazing in manufacturer's original, unopened packaging with product identification labels intact.
Inspect glazing units on delivery in presence of delivery carrier's representative. Document and report damage immediately on delivery receipt. Do not accept damaged units without notation.
Store glazing units in a dry, protected location, standing upright on padded supports with separators between units. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and physical damage.
Handle glazing units using equipment and methods recommended by manufacturer. Use a forklift for units larger than 24 x 24 inches (609.6 x 609.6 mm).
PROJECT CONDITIONS
Maintain environmental conditions including temperature, humidity, and ventilation within limits recommended by manufacturer for optimum results. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside of manufacturer's recommended limits.
Install glazing only when openings are clean, dry, square, plumb, and ready to receive glass.
Field Measurements: Verify actual openings and frame conditions before fabrication.
WARRANTY
Manufacturing Defect Warranty: One (1) year Manufacturing Defect Warranty covering defects in materials and workmanship from delivery.
Lead Equivalency Warranty: Ten (10) year Lead Equivalency Warranty when properly activated within the standard one (1) year warranty period.
PRODUCTS
MANUFACTURERS
Acceptable Manufacturer: Lead Glass Pro, which is located at:
1968 S Coast Hwy
Laguna Beach, CA 92651-3681
Toll Free Tel: 800-506-9972
Email: request info (sales@leadglasspro.com);Web: https://leadglasspro.com
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete one of the following two paragraphs; coordinate with requirements of Division 1 section on product options and substitutions.
Substitutions: Not permitted.
Requests for substitutions will be considered per the provisions of Section 01 25 00 - Substitution Procedures.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY LEAD GLASS
Description: Annealed glass containing lead oxide and heavy metal compounds, providing radiation attenuation against gamma, X-ray, alpha, and beta photon radiation. Not for use in MRI environments or against non-ionizing radiation types.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select lead equivalency option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
Physical Properties:
Composition: Lead oxide glass with a minimum 55 percent lead oxide content and minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content, uniformly distributed throughout the glass cross-section to provide consistent shielding value.
Density: 0.17 pounds per cubic inch (4.8 g per cubic cm) minimum.
Construction: Single monolithic annealed pane. No laminates, interlayers, or secondary panes.
Glass Thickness: At standard lead equivalencies:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete glass thicknesses below not required for project.
1.6 mm Pb: Approximately 1/4 inch (6 mm).
2.0 mm Pb: Approximately 5/16 inch (8 mm).
2.4 mm Pb: Approximately 3/8 inch (10 mm).
3.2 mm Pb: Approximately 7/16 inch (11 mm).
3.7 mm Pb and higher: As required; thickness increases with lead equivalency. Confirm with manufacturer.
Thickness Tolerance: Plus or minus 0.030 inch (0.76 mm).
Weight: Approximately 8.5 pounds per square foot (41.5 kg per sq m) at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Weight increases proportionally with lead equivalency.
Light Transmission: 85 to 88 percent spectral light transmission at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Light transmission decreases as lead equivalency increases.
Color: Light yellow tint inherent to leaded glass composition.
Surface Finish: Smooth flat surfaces, both sides.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select size option below and delete option not required.
Standard Size: Available in over 80 standard sizes up to 96 inches (2438 mm) wide by 48 inches (1219 mm) high.
Custom Size: Available with no cutting charge.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY LEAD LAMINATED GLASS
Description: Laminated safety glazing assembly incorporating a leaded glass pane bonded to one or more additional glass plies with polyvinyl butyral or other approved interlayer, providing radiation shielding and safety glazing performance in hazardous locations.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ANSI Z97.1.
ASTM C1172.
CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201, Category I and Category II as applicable.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select lead equivalency option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select labeling Category I or Category II below as applicable and delete option not required.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category I. Label must be visible after installation.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II. Label must be visible after installation.
Physical Properties:
Composition: Leaded glass pane with minimum 55 percent lead oxide content and minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content, bonded with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or other approved interlayer to one or more clear float glass plies.
Construction: Multi-ply laminated assembly. Layers from exterior inward:
Clear float glass outer ply; ASTM C1036.
Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or approved interlayer.
Leaded glass pane.
Additional PVB interlayer and glass ply as required by safety glazing classification.
Glass Thickness: Overall laminated assembly thickness varies; confirm with manufacturer at time of order. Glass thickness at standard lead equivalencies:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete glass thicknesses below not required for project.
1.6 mm Pb: Approximately 1/4 inch (6 mm).
2.0 mm Pb: Approximately 5/16 inch (8 mm).
2.4 mm Pb: Approximately 3/8 inch (10 mm).
3.2 mm Pb: Approximately 7/16 inch (11 mm).
3.7 mm Pb and higher: As required; thickness increases with lead equivalency. Confirm with manufacturer.
Thickness Tolerance: Plus or minus 0.030 inch (0.76 mm).
Light Transmission:
Lead Glass: 85 to 88 percent spectral light transmission at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Light transmission decreases as lead equivalency increases.
Overall: Marginally reduced by interlayer.
Color: Light yellow tint from leaded glass pane, visible through assembly.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select size option below and delete option not required.
Standard Size: Available in over 80 standard sizes up to 96 inches (2438 mm) wide by 48 inches (1219 mm) high.
Custom Size: Available with no cutting charge. Confirm maximum laminated size with manufacturer.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY LEAD SAFETY GLASS
Description: Impact-resistant leaded glass, permanently labeled as safety glazing, for installation in doors, door vision lites, sidelites, and wall openings within 24 inches (610 mm) of door edges in radiation-controlled areas.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ANSI Z97.1.
CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201, Category I and Category II as applicable.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select lead equivalency option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select labeling Category I or Category II below as applicable and delete option not required.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category I. Label must be visible after installation.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II. Label must be visible after installation.
Physical Properties:
Composition: Lead oxide glass with minimum 55 percent lead oxide content and minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content, permanently labeled as impact-resistant safety glazing.
Construction: Single monolithic impact-resistant pane, permanently safety-labeled. Not laminated; impact resistance is inherent to the glass formulation.
Glass Thickness: Confirm with manufacturer at time of order. Glass thickness at standard lead equivalencies:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete glass thicknesses below not required for project.
1.6 mm Pb: Approximately 1/4 inch (6 mm).
2.0 mm Pb: Approximately 5/16 inch (8 mm).
2.4 mm Pb: Approximately 3/8 inch (10 mm).
3.2 mm Pb: Approximately 7/16 inch (11 mm).
3.7 mm Pb and higher: As required; thickness increases with lead equivalency. Confirm with manufacturer.
Thickness Tolerance: Plus or minus 0.030 inch (0.76 mm).
Weight: Approximately 8.5 pounds per square foot (41.5 kg per sq m) at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Weight increases proportionally with lead equivalency.
Light Transmission: 85 to 88 percent spectral light transmission at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Light transmission decreases as lead equivalency increases.
Color: Light yellow tint inherent to leaded glass composition.
Surface Finish: Smooth flat surfaces, both sides.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select size option below and delete option not required.
Standard Size: Available in over 80 standard sizes up to 96 inches (2438 mm) wide by 48 inches (1219 mm) high.
Custom Size: Available with no cutting charge.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY FIRE-RATED INSULATED GLASS UNITS
Description: Factory-sealed, dual-pane insulated glass unit combining a fire-rated wire-free ceramic glass pane at fire-exposure side with a leaded glass pane at radiation-shielding side, separated by a hermetically sealed spacer, providing combined fire resistance and ionizing radiation attenuation.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ANSI Z97.1.
CAN/ULC S-104.
CAN/ULC S-106.
CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201, Category I and Category II as applicable.
CSFM 43.7.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
NFPA 252.
NFPA 257.
NFPA 80.
UL 9.
UL 10B and UL 10C.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select lead equivalency option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select fire rating below as applicable and delete options not required.
Fire Rating: 20 minutes.
Fire Rating: 45 minutes.
Fire Rating: 60 minutes.
Fire Rating: 90 minutes.
Fire Rating: 120 minutes.
Fire Rating: 180 minutes.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select labeling Category I or Category II below as applicable and delete option not required.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category I. Label must be visible after installation.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II. Label must be visible after installation.
Physical Properties:
Construction: Dual-pane factory-sealed insulated glass unit. Layers from fire-exposure side inward:
Pane 1, Fire-Exposure Side:
Wire-free ceramic glass, non-combustible, no embedded wire reinforcement, and maintains integrity under fire exposure for rated duration.
FireLite or FireLite NT/Plus by Technical Glass Products or approved equal.
Hermetically sealed spacer with desiccant.
Pane 2, Radiation-Shielding Side:
Lead oxide glass, minimum 55 percent lead oxide content, minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content, density 0.17 pounds per cubic inch (4.8 g per cubic cm) minimum; ASTM C1036.
Leaded glass pane thickness: Approximately 5/16 inch (7.94 mm) at 1.6 mm Pb equivalency. Thickness increases with higher lead equivalency.
Overall Unit Thickness: 1 inch (25.4 mm) nominal; varies by configuration and pane thicknesses selected.
Weight: Approximately 12 pounds per square foot (59 kg per square m) at standard configuration. Weight increases with higher lead equivalency.
Light Transmission: Reduced from standard lead glass due to dual-pane construction and fire-rated ceramic glass layer. Confirm with manufacturer for specific assembly.
Color: FireLite pane is clear with neutral tint; leaded glass pane introduces a slight yellow tint visible through the unit.
Surface Finish: Smooth flat surfaces for each side.
Sizes:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select applicable size options below and delete options not required.
Fire Rated Doors, 180-Minute Temperature-Rise: Maximum 100 square inches (645.16 sq cm) exposed glass area.
Fire Rated Non-Temperature-Rise Doors, 20 through 60 minutes: Maximum 36 x 89 inches (914.4 x 2260.6 mm).
Fire Rated Non-Temperature-Rise Doors, 90 Minutes: Maximum 36 x 56-1/2 inches (914.4 x 1435.1 mm).
Fire Rated Walls, 45-Minutes and 60-Minutes: Maximum 3,325 square inches (2.145 square m).
Fire Rated Walls, 90-Minutes: Maximum 2,627 square inches (1.695 sq m); maximum height or width 56-1/2 inches (1435.1 mm).
Overall Maximum Size: 96 x 48 inches (2438.4 x 1219.2 mm), subject to fire rating and applicable code limits.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY INSULATED LEAD GLASS UNITS WITH INTEGRAL MINI BLINDS
Description: Factory-sealed, dual-pane insulated glass unit incorporating a leaded glass pane on the observation side, a clear tempered glass pane on the room side, hermetically sealed spacers, and factory-installed venetian mini blinds between the panes, providing combined radiation shielding, thermal insulation, and integrated privacy control without external blind exposure.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete standards below if not required.
ANSI Z97.1.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** ASTM C1036 applies only when Pane 2 option wire glass, Low-E, reflective, or tinted glass is required.
ASTM C1036.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** ASTM C1048 applies only when Pane 2 option clear tempered safety glass is required.
ASTM C1048.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** ASTM C1503 applies only when Pane 2 option clear mirrored glass is required.
ASTM C1503.
CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201, Category I and Category II as applicable.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** UL 752 applies only when Pane 2 option bullet resistant glass is required.
UL 752.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select labeling Category I or Category II below as applicable and delete option not required.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category I. Label must be visible after installation.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II. Label must be visible after installation.
Physical Properties:
Construction: Factory-sealed, dual-pane insulated glass unit with integrated venetian blinds. Layers from observation side inward:
Pane 1, Observation Side:
Lead oxide glass, minimum 55 percent lead oxide content, minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content, density 0.17 pounds per cubic inch (4.8 g per cubic cm) minimum; ASTM C1036.
Leaded Glass Pane Thickness: Approximately 5/16 inch (7.94 mm) at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Thickness increases with higher lead equivalency.
Hermetically sealed outer spacer with desiccant.
Aluminum mini venetian blinds.
Hermetically sealed inner spacer with desiccant.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select Pane 2 option below and delete options not required.
Pane 2, Room Side: Bullet resistant glass; UL 752.
Pane 2, Room Side: Clear mirrored glass; ASTM C1503.
Pane 2, Room Side: Clear tempered safety glass; ASTM C1048.
Pane 2, Room Side: Clear wire glass; ASTM C1036.
Pane 2, Room Side: Low-E glass; ASTM C1036.
Pane 2, Room Side: Reflective glass; ASTM C1036.
Pane 2, Room Side: Tinted glass; ASTM C1036.
Overall Unit Thickness: 1-3/8 inches (34.925 mm).
Light Transmission: Adjustable from 82 percent with blinds fully open to 1 percent with blinds fully closed depending on blind angle.
Color: Observation-side pane has light yellow tint inherent to leaded glass composition. Room-side pane is clear.
Blind Properties:
Composition: Aluminum mini venetian blinds, factory-installed, hermetically sealed within the unit cavity, and maintenance free.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select operation style to suit room layout. Coordinate with interior elevations and reflected ceiling plans. Delete options not used.
Operation style: Tilt only via knob.
Operation style: Tilt only via wand.
Operation style: Lift and tilt via corded operation.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select operator placement to suit room layout. Coordinate with interior elevations and reflected ceiling plans. Delete option not used.
Operator placement: Top left.
Operator placement: Top right.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select blind color from the following options. All standard colors require a six-week fabrication window. Coordinate with interior design. Delete option not used.
Blind Color: White, S102.
Blind Color: Cream, S149.
Blind Color: Silver, S157.
Size Range:
Minimum Size: 12 x 12 inches (304.8 x 304.8 mm).
Maximum Size: 78-3/4 inches (2000.25 mm) wide x 48 inches (1219.2 mm) high.
Custom Sizes: Available upon quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING X-RAY SWITCHABLE PRIVACY SMART-GLASS
Description: Custom-fabricated radiation shielding glazing assembly incorporating a leaded glass pane for ionizing radiation attenuation and an integrated PDLC/LCG switchable privacy layer, providing electrically controlled switching between opaque and transparent states while maintaining X-ray shielding performance.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ANSI Z97.1.
ASTM C1172.
CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201, Category I and Category II as applicable.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
Lead Equivalency:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select lead equivalency option below as applicable and delete options not required. Note that equivalency used metric units as primary standard.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 1.6 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.0 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 2.4 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.2 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: 3.7 mm Pb lead equivalency.
Lead equivalency at 150 kVp: Higher equivalency as required by radiation physicist; submit custom quote request.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Select labeling Category I or Category II below as applicable and delete option not required.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category I. Label must be visible after installation.
Labeling: Permanently labeled with safety glazing compliance markings per ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201 Category II. Label must be visible after installation.
Physical Properties:
Composition: Leaded glass pane with minimum 55 percent lead oxide content and minimum 60 percent total heavy metal oxide content bonded to an integrated PDLC/LCG switchable privacy film layer. Overall assembly construction is laminated.
Construction: Multi-layer laminated assembly. Layers from exterior inward:
Leaded glass pane.
PDLC or LCG switchable privacy film layer, integrally bonded.
Clear glass backing ply.
Leaded Glass Thickness: At standard lead equivalencies:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete glass thicknesses below not required for project.
1.6 mm Pb: Approximately 1/4 inch (6 mm).
2.0 mm Pb: Approximately 5/16 inch (8 mm).
2.4 mm Pb: Approximately 3/8 inch (10 mm).
3.2 mm Pb: Approximately 7/16 inch (11 mm).
3.7 mm Pb and higher: As required; thickness increases with lead equivalency. Confirm with manufacturer.
Thickness Tolerance: Plus or minus 0.030 inch (0.76 mm).
Total Laminated Assembly Thickness: Confirm with manufacturer.
Light Transmission:
Transparent State: 85 to 88 percent spectral light transmission at 2.0 mm Pb equivalency. Light transmission decreases as lead equivalency increases.
Opaque State: Near-zero visible light transmission. Exact values project-specific; confirm with manufacturer.
Color: Slight yellow tint from leaded glass pane in transparent state. Opaque state presents as white/diffuse.
Sizes: Custom-fabricated to project-specific dimensions. No standard sizes.
Fabrication: Custom-fabricated to project-specific dimensions. Submit quote request with opening dimensions, required lead equivalency, and switching configuration.
Switching Performance:
Switching technology: PDLC or LCG electrochromic layer integrated within the glazing assembly.
Switching speed: Transition from opaque to transparent in less than one second upon application of low-voltage current.
Default state: Opaque when de-energized or when power supply is interrupted.
Activation: Low-voltage electrical current; coordinate voltage and wiring requirements with manufacturer and electrical engineer.
Electrical Requirements:
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Coordinate low-voltage power supply, wall switch location, and any integration with building automation or nurse call systems with the electrical engineer. Include wiring diagrams in submittals.
See Division 26 - Electrical.
Coordinate switch placement and control system integration with electrical drawings prior to fabrication.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete article if not required for project.
RADIATION SHIELDING NUCLEAR LEAD GLASS
Description: Custom-fabricated high-density leaded glass engineered for attenuation of high-energy gamma radiation in nuclear medicine, radiopharmaceutical, and high-energy research environments, providing optical clarity for observation and monitoring while maintaining radiation barrier integrity.
Performance and Design Requirements:
Standards Compliance:
ANSI Z97.1.
ICRP lead glass criteria for physical quality descriptions and required densities.
NCRP Report No. 49 and Report No. 147.
Applicable state radiation control program requirements for nuclear medicine facility construction.
Lead Equivalency: As specified in the physicist's shielding report for each opening.
Physical Properties:
Composition: High-density, lead oxide glass formulated for high-energy gamma attenuation, with lead oxide and heavy metal oxide content and density appropriate for the physicist-specified lead equivalency. Composition is project-specific; standard X-ray lead glass composition is not applicable for nuclear medicine equivalency calculations.
Construction: Single monolithic pane, glass-only configuration or factory-framed assembly with lead-lined telescoping frame. No standard laminate or IGU construction; custom configurations available upon request.
Glass thickness: Project-specific; determined by required lead equivalency as stated in physicist's shielding report. Thickness is greater than standard X-ray lead glass at equivalent visual lead equivalency designations due to higher energy radiation attenuation requirements. Confirm with manufacturer.
Weight: Project-specific; higher than standard X-ray lead glass due to increased thickness and density. Confirm with manufacturer for structural coordination.
Light Transmission: Reduced compared to standard X-ray lead glass due to increased thickness; exact value is project-specific. Confirm with manufacturer.
Color: Yellow to amber tint, increasing in depth with increasing glass thickness and lead equivalency.
Surface finish: Smooth flat surfaces, both sides, with optical clarity sufficient for unobstructed monitoring and observation.
Sizes: Custom-fabricated to project-specific rough opening dimensions. No standard sizes published. Available as glass-only or with lead-lined telescoping steel frame for wall mounting.
Fabrication: Custom-fabricated to project-specific rough opening dimensions, wall assembly depth, and lead equivalency.
ACCESSORlES
Glazing Materials: Manufacturer-recommended setting blocks, shims, glazing tape, gaskets, stops, sealants, and related accessories compatible with X-ray lead glass and adjacent lead-lined frames.
Lead-Lined Frames: Where frames are included in this Section, furnish lead-lined view window frames that are compatible with specified X-ray lead glass and maintain radiation shielding continuity with adjacent wall construction. Frames shall be furnished by same manufacturer as the X-ray lead glass or shall be certified by the X-ray lead glass manufacturer as compatible with specified glazing system and required lead equivalence.
FABRlCATlON
Fabricate glass to sizes required for openings, allowing clearances recommended by manufacturer.
Fabricate edges and surfaces free from chips, scratches, cracks, and defects that impair appearance, performance, or installation.
Coordinate glass thickness and lead equivalence with frame depth, glazing stops, and adjacent lead-lined assemblies before fabrication.
EXECUTION
EXAMINATION
Examine glazing openings, frames, and substrates before beginning glazing installation. Verify the following:
Frames are plumb, level, square, and true to line and plane, within tolerances established by the frame manufacturer.
Frame openings are the correct size to receive specified glazing units with required edge clearances.
Frame rebates and sight lines are clean, dry, and free of obstructions.
Lead-lined frames or lead-lined vision lite frames are in place and continuous lead lining is verified by the Owner's radiation physicist where required.
Fire-rated frames are listed and labeled for the specified fire rating and are compatible with the specified fire-rated IGU assembly.
Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected and accepted. Beginning of installation constitutes acceptance of existing conditions.
PREPARATION
Clean surfaces thoroughly prior to installation.
Prepare surfaces using methods recommended by Manufacturer for achieving best result for the substrate under project conditions.
Verify that setting blocks, edge blocks, and accessories are positioned in accordance with manufacturer's installation instructions.
Confirm required lead equivalency of each glazing unit matches the radiation physicist's shielding determination for the opening.
INSTALLATION
Install radiation shielding glazing in accordance with Manufacturer's installation instructions, applicable reference standards, and following requirements.
Edge Clearance and Bite: Maintain minimum glass edge clearance and frame bite in accordance with Manufacturer's requirements. Do not reduce edge bite below Manufacturer's minimum dimension.
Setting Blocks: Position and size setting blocks per Manufacturer's recommendations. Do not allow glass to rest on frame sill without proper setting blocks.
Sealants and Glazing Compounds: Use only sealants and compounds recommended by glass manufacturer. Verify compatibility with leaded glass edges and frame materials prior to installation.
Radiation Shielding Continuity:
Install glazing units in lead-lined frames to maintain continuous radiation shielding at each frame-to-glass interface. Verify lead lining of frame and sill extends behind glass sight line without gaps.
Do not create unshielded gaps between glazing unit edges and lead-lined frame components.
Coordinate installation with radiation physicist's field verification requirements.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete fire-rated IGU installation paragraph below if not required for project.
Fire-Rated IGU Installation:
Install fire-rated IGUs in fire-rated frames listed for the specified fire rating. Do not substitute non-rated frames.
Maintain clearances, settings, and sealants required by UL listing for fire-rated assembly.
Do not cut or modify fire-rated IGUs in field. Return units that do not fit to Manufacturer for replacement.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete integral mini blind IGU installation paragraph below if not required for project.
Integral Mini Blind IGU Installation:
Install units with operator mechanism on the specified left or right side per installation schedule.
Verify blind operation functions correctly before completing sealant application and glazing stop installation.
Do not apply pressure to glass faces that could damage internal blind mechanism.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete nuclear lead glass installation paragraph below if not required for project.
Nuclear Lead Glass Installation:
Install nuclear lead glass units strictly in accordance with physicist's shielding report and Manufacturer's installation instructions.
Coordinate wall assembly depth, frame configuration, and shielding continuity with radiation physicist prior to installation.
Do not substitute standard X-ray lead glass for nuclear lead glass. Verify unit identity against physicist's shielding report before setting.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete switchable privacy smart-glass installation paragraph below not required for project.
Switchable Privacy Smart-Glass Installation:
Verify low-voltage wiring rough-ins are complete and wiring terminations are in correct positions before setting units.
Install units in accordance with Manufacturer's wiring diagrams. Do not exceed Manufacturer's specified voltage or current requirements.
Do not energize units until glazing and sealant work is complete and glass surfaces are clean.
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
Field Inspection: Coordinate field inspection in accordance with appropriate sections in Division 01.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Include if manufacturer provides field quality control with onsite personnel for instruction or supervision of product installation, application, erection, or construction. Delete if not required.
Manufacturer's Services: Coordinate manufacturer's services in accordance with appropriate sections in Division 01.
Manufacturer Certification: Furnish certificate of compliance stating that glazing materials are in accordance with this Section, Drawings, and project radiation shielding report upon completion of installation.
Radiation Shielding Testing: After X-ray equipment has been installed and placed in operating condition, but before occupancy and use, Owner will engage the project health or medical physicist of record to test radiation shielding, unless otherwise indicated.
Lead Equivalency Verification: After installation of radiation shielding glazing, the Owner's radiation physicist verifies installed lead equivalency meets design shielding requirements. Correct installations found deficient at no additional cost to the Owner.
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete fire-rated assembly inspection paragraph below if not required for project.
Fire-Rated Assembly Inspection: After installation of fire-rated IGUs, verify that all UL-listed assembly components and configurations are maintained and that labels are visible and legible as required by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).
** NOTE TO SPECIFIER ** Delete switchable privacy glazing commissioning paragraph below if not required for project.
Switchable Privacy Glazing Commissioning: After installation and wiring connection of switchable privacy glazing units, demonstrate switching function to Owner's representative. Verify transition from opaque to transparent state and confirm default opaque state upon power interruption. Document commissioning results.
Correct deficiencies in radiation shielding Work identified by inspection or testing.
CLEANING AND PROTECTION
Clean exposed glass surfaces after installation using non-abrasive cleaners and soft cloths or squeegees recommended by the manufacturer. Do not use knives, scrapers, abrasive pads, strong cleaners, or cleaning materials that may scratch or damage glass surfaces.
Remove labels, paint, sealant smears, and other contaminants from glass surfaces. Do not use razor blades or abrasive materials on leaded glass surfaces.
Do not use cleaning methods that could damage integral mini blind mechanisms or IGU seals.
PROTECTION
Protect installed radiation shielding glazing from damage by other trades during the construction period. Install temporary protection as required.
Do not allow grinding, welding, or other operations that could damage glass surfaces or IGU seals in proximity to installed glazing.
Replace scratched, broken, cracked, chipped, or otherwise damaged glass before Substantial Completion.